to be born in the purple
definition: to be born into a high ranking/aristocratic family
magyarul: előkelő, arisztokrata családba születni, „bíborban született”                           
example:  Those who were born to the purple are destined to live in the public eye. – Aki előkelő családba született, kénytelen a nagyközönség érdeklődése középpontjában élni az életét.

the Purple Heart
definition: a U.S. military honour badge, a decoration awarded to members of the U.S. Armed Forces for a wound incurred in action
magyarul: Bíbor Szív kitüntetés
example:   My grandpa was extremely proud of the Purple Heart he had been awarded. He kept it in a distinguished place where everyone could see it. – A nagypapám szörnyen büszke volt a Bíbor Szív kitüntetésre, amit kapott. Kitüntetett helyen tartotta, ahol mindenki láthatta.

a purple patch
definition: a period of exceptionally high achievement, a run of success or good luck
magyarul: szerencsés periódus
example:   He has hit a purple patch in his career. Whatever he starts ends in success. – Szerencsés periódusában van a szakmai pályafutásának. Bármibe kezd is bele, mindent sikerre visz.

“the purple”
definition: bishops collectively
magyarul: püspökök összefoglaló neve, püspöki kar
example:  It’s the task of the purple to show a good example to simple priests. – A püspöki kar feladata az, hogy példát mutasson az egyszerű papoknak.

purple state
definition: a state in the United States with equal distribution of Republicans and Democrats also known as swing state or battleground state in which no single candidate or political party has overwhelming support 
magyarul: az USA olyan állama, ahol megegyezik a republikánusok és a demokraták aránya, „billegő állam”, csatatérállam
example:   Purple states get all the attention in elections. – Minden figyelem a billegő államokra fordul a választások idején.

to be purple with rage
definition: to be very angry
magyarul: lilul/vörösödik a feje a méregtől
example:   His usually pale face was purple with rage when he heard the result of the competition. – Az általában sápadt arca lilult a méregtől, amikor meghallotta a verseny eredményét.

purple kush/haze
definition: marijuana
magyarul: marihuána
example:  He’s high on purple kush. – Jól belőtte magát marihuánával.

purple flag award
definition: an award given to areas with a diverse mix of dining, entertainment and culture in the UK
magyarul: lila elismerő zászló
example: Six towns and cities have won the purple flag award recognising them as safe and enjoyable places for a night out. – Hat város kapta meg a lila elismerő zászlót annak jelzéseként, hogy biztonságos és élvezetes esti szórakozást nyújtanak.

shrinking violet
definition: a negative term for a very shy person; someone who is very shy and not effective
magyarul: visszahúzódó ember, „szerény ibolya”
example:  After years of being a shrinking violet, Juliet decided to overcome her fears and start talking to strangers. – Sok évnyi visszahúzódó viselkedés után Juliet elhatározta, hogy felülkerekedik a félelmein és elkezd ismeretlenekkel beszélgetni.

Which idiom can you use in the sentences below?

1. My grandpa was a real hero. He was wounded in action and he got the …………… when he came home from the war.
2. John is very proud of his aristocratic origin. He always brags that he ………….. and expects us to look up to him.
3. I have been very lucky on the field in the last few weeks. I scored at least fifteen goals. But I’m very anxious because people expect me to score in every game now I’ve hit a …………. .
4. I like reading his novels. His writing is flowery and romantic, it is typical ………….. .
5. In Catholicism the collective name for bishops is ………….. .
6. Craig was no …… . He had absolute belief in himself.
7. Whoever wants to win the election will have to focus on swinging the …… of the country in their favour.
8. His face turned …… when he heard the news of his failure.
9. The police busted him for carrying nearly 10 pounds of …… in the trunk of his car.
10. It was a great honour to be awarded the ….. for our excellent night-time entertainment.

Key:

1. Purple Heart
2. was born in the purple
3. purple patch
4. purple prose/purple passage
5. the purple
6. shrinking violet
7. purple states
8. purple with rage
9. purple kush/haze
10. purple flag

Woman: Does this bus go to Rubery Great Park?
Bus driver: Yes, it does. Step up.
Woman: What´s the fare?
Bus driver: £1.20. Deposit the fare in the slot, please.
Woman: Can you change a ten pound note?
Bus driver: Of course, I have plenty of change.
Woman: Thanks! Can I leave my bag in the luggage rack?
Bus driver: Yes, of course but be sure to keep an eye on it, there are thieves about.
Woman: Could you tell me when to get off?
Bus driver: Okay. I´ll call it out for you, ma´am. Move to the rear, please.
Woman: Excuse me. How many more stops is it to the park?
Bus driver: It’s the fifth stop from here, but I will give you a shout.
Woman: Thank you for your help.

IMPORTANT PHRASES

Does this bus go to …? – Ez a busz megy …-ba/-be?
Step up! – Szálljon fel!
What’s the fare? – Mennyibe kerül a jegy?
Deposit the fare in the slot! – Helyezze a viteldíjat a nyílásba!
Can you change a … note? – Fel tud váltani egy …-os/-ös bankjegyet?
Of course. – Természetesen.
Keep an eye on …! – Tartsa a szemét a …-on/-en/-ön!
There are thieves about. – Tolvajok vannak a környéken.
Could you tell me when to get off? – Meg tudná mondani mikor szálljak le?
I’ll call it out for you. – Szólítani fogom.
Move to the rear. – Fáradjon hátra!
How many more stops to … ? – Hány megálló van még a …-hoz/-hez/-höz?

IMPORTANT WORDS

to step up– fellép, felszáll
fare – viteldíj
to deposit – letétbe helyez. letesz pénzt
fare – viteldíj
slot – nyílás
note – bankjegy
change – aprópénz
luggage rack – csomagtartó (állvány)
to keep an eye on – szemmel tartani valamit/valakit
thief/thieves –tolvaj
to get on – felszáll (járműre)
to get off – leszáll (járműről)
to call out for – kihív valakit
stop – megálló

These are the English names of popular colleges and universities in Hungary:

university of agricultural sciences – agrártudományi egyetem
college of public administration – államigazgatási főiskola
university of veterinary medicine – állatorvostudományi egyetem
university of food industry – élelmiszeripari egyetem
college of fine arts – képzőművészeti főiskola
university of horticulture – kertészeti egyetem
university of economic sciences – közgazdaságtudományi egyetem
technical university – műszaki egyetem
college of technology – műszaki főiskola
medical university, university of medicine – orvostudományi egyetem
teacher training college – tanárképző főiskola
university of physical education – testnevelési egyetem
faculty of arts – bölcsészettudományi kar
faculty of science – természettudományi kar
faculty of law – állam- és jogtudományi kar

If you are considering studying abroad or you have wondered what the abbreviations on business cards might mean, we have compiled a table of common Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees. The degree awarded by Hungarian faculties of law is called Juris Doctor or Doctor of Jurisprudence (JD), while medical universities here award Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM). These are called junior or professional doctorates, which are above Master’s level but not equivalent to intermediate doctorates, like a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy), which requires 3 more years of study and the submission of original research.

]]> https://www.5percangol.hu/szokincs_kozossegi_anyagok/5-szo-naponta-filmek/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=5-szo-naponta-filmek Sun, 31 Aug 2025 13:07:49 +0000 https://www.5percangol.hu/?p=75376 1.spinoff [ˈspɪˌnɒf] – mellékhajtás, oldalhajtás

a television or other show involving characters from a previous show

Egy film, amiben egy népszerű film egyik fontos karaktere vagy mellékszereplője egy új történetfonalban, új címen főszerepbe kerül.

2.sequel [ˈsiːkwəl] – folytatás

a book, film, or play that continues the story of a previous book

Amikor egy film második részében visszatérnek a főbb szereplők, és a sztori is egyenes ágon csatlakozik az első részhez.

3.prequel [ˈpriː.kwəl] – előzményfilm

a film, book, or play that develops the story of an earlier film, etc. by telling you what happened before the events in the first film

egy olyan folytatás, ami azt mutatja meg nekünk, mi történt az első film szereplőivel még az első film cselekménye előtt.

4.reboot [ˌriːˈbuːt] – reboot film

a new and interesting version of something such as a film or television show, or the act of making a new and interesting version

Egy híres filmsorozat újrakezdése, ami lényegében semmisnek tekinti a korábbi, a témában megvalósult filmeket, és új/megváltoztatott cselekménnyel, megváltoztatott szereplőkkel kezd bele ismét az erősen kifordított sztori elmesélésébe.

5.crossover [ˈkrɒsəʊvə] – crossover film

két, vagy több teljesen önálló film főszereplőjét használva egy új film megalkotása

the placement of two or more otherwise discrete fictional characters, settings, or universes into the context of a single story. They can arise from legal agreements between the relevant copyright holders, unofficial efforts by fans, or common corporate ownership.

5+.remake [ˌriːˈmeɪk] – egy régebbi film új verziója

az új verzió megtartja az eredeti film felépítését, főbb szereplőit és a történet fontosabb pontjait

to make a new film that has a story and title similar to an old one

sources: Collins Dictionary; Cambridge Dictionary; The Free Dictionary by Farlex; Elveszve a moziban – Az NLC filmszlengkisokosa, nlc.hu; Wikipedia

Döntsétek el, hogy a következő filmek melyik kategóriába tartoznak. Egy kategóriába több film is kerülhet.

1.Man of Steel

2.Taken 2

3.Oscar (starring Stallone)

4.Red Dragon

5.Marvel’s The Avengers

6.The Dark Knight

7.Alien vs Predator

8.007 movies (with Pierce Brosnan or Daniel Craig)

9.Three Men and a Baby (with Tom Selleck, Steve Guttenberg, and Ted Danson)

10.Joey

11.Catwoman

keys/megoldások:

1.reboot: Man of Steel

2.sequel: Taken 2 is the sequel of Taken.

3.remake: Oscar (starring Stallone) is the remake of the French movie with the same title from 1967

4.prequel: Red Dragon is the prequel of The Silence of the Lambs (A Vörös sárkányból pedig az derült ki, hogyan került börtönbe Hannibal Lecter)

5.crossover: Marvel’s The Avengers

6.sequel: The Dark Knight is the sequel of Batman Begins

7.crossover: Alien vs Predator

8.reboot: 007 movies (with Pierce Brosnan or Daniel Craig)

9.remake: Three Men and a Baby (with Tom Selleck, Steve Guttenberg, and Ted Danson) is a remake. The script was based on the 1985 French film Trois hommes et un couffin (Three Men and a Cradle)

10.spinoff: Joey is a spinoff from Friends

11.spinoff: Catwoman is a spinoff from Batman movies

IMPORTANT PHRASES

I’d like to hire … . – Szeretnék kölcsönözni …-t.
All right.  – Rendben van.
Have you chosen … ? – Kiválasztotta a/az …-t?
For how long do you want to hire it/them? – Mennyi időre szeretné kibérelni (azt/azokat)?
How much will it/they be then? – Mennyibe fog akkor kerülni?
You’ll get back the deposit when you leave. – Visszakapja a kauciót, amikor elmegy.

IMPORTANT WORDS

to hire – kibérel, kölcsönöz
sun lounger – napágy, nyugágy
parasol – napernyő
to choose – választani
spot – hely, helyszín
row – sor
to pay a deposit – kauciót fizetni
to get something back – visszakapni valamit

Salary and wage

Generally speaking, people who get paid a “salary” get their money monthly. They get the same amount each month regardless of the number of hours they work in the given month. This fixed regular payment is often expressed as an annual sum: “She received a salary of £42,000.”

Wage, on the other hand, is a fixed regular payment that is earned for work or services. It is typically paid on a daily or weekly basis. The more hours the employee works, the more money they will make. “Wages” usually refers to the actual sum of money that a person makes, while “wage” is a more abstract idea: “What’s the minimum wage in the UK nowadays?”, “The company is considering cutting wages due to financial problems.”

Pay vocabulary

There are a number of compound words with the word “pay”. Back pay is money owed to the employee by the employer for work done which has not yet been paid. A pay cut is a reduction in the amount of money one is given, while a pay rise is an increase in pay.

Gross pay refers to all the money the employer pays before any deductions are taken out. Net pay is the amount the employee earns after deductions, such as social security, pensions, tax, health insurance etc. A pay scale is a range of different pay rates which people will receive depending on various factors, such as their grade in the company, the number of years they have spent at the company, their qualifications, the languages they speak etc.

Equal pay means that men and women get the same pay for doing the same job. Equal pay is a concept of labour rights. It is used to bridge the gender pay gap, the average difference between a man’s and a woman’s remuneration. Equal pay relates to the full range of benefits and payments.

Employees usually receive an itemized pay statement at the beginning or end of each month. It contains a detailed breakdown of the pay they have earned and the deductions taken from it. It usually also contains used and remaining vacation days and sick days. 

Performance-related pay (PRP) means that the amount paid depends on the quality and quantity of the work. PRP systems are designed to motivate employees and to align their effort more closely with the aims of the organization. The pay is either financial, or non-financial, such as gift cards or vouchers. 

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Salary vocabulary

A person who gets a salary is a salaried employee. Having a competitive salary means that it is a good one for that particular job. A salary scale is the range of salaries available. When someone starts working, they are usually at the bottom of the salary scale. When someone starts a job, they will receive their initial salary, an amount that is expected to rise later. If the employee needs money, they can ask for a salary advance. The basic salary is the salary before any extras and bonuses. 

To sum up

Pay is a general word to refer to the money one gets from their employer for doing their job. Manual workers are paid wages, or a wage. The plural is used when we are talking about the cash someone receives. Wages are usually paid as a weekly sum. Professional people and office workers receive a salary. It is paid monthly, but we use the annual figure when talking about someone’s salary. The income is all the money received from all sources.

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It is no surprise that Pick Winter Salami is among the most popular Hungarian food-related Hungaricums. It is distinguished by its delicate spice mix, its wide girth, and its “noble mould“. The expression “téliszalámi” recalls old times when salami could only be manufactured in the winter. It is available in nearly every Hungarian food shop and its logo can be found on the handball team’s outfit in Szeged, where the salami is produced.

Everyone knows the name Pick in Hungary. But what many Hungarians don’t know is that the company, the country’s largest pork processor, was founded by a Jewish man, who might not have eaten his own signature product, and who used his pork profits to build one of the country’s grandest synagogues the monumental Szeged Synagogue – the second largest in Hungary -, which was finished in 1907.

Márk Pick started producing the well-known salami in 1869, in Szeged, after he had returned from Italy, the homeland of salami, with some sausage makers. The large-scale production began in 1885. It quickly captured the world and was awarded a bronze medal in the Paris World Fair in 1900.  

Márk Pick died in 1892 and his widow handled the business until their son, Jenő, took over in 1906. It was the beginning of a new age in the history of the factory. He purchased the bankrupt “Tiani” salami factory in the neighbourhood, so the whole real estate at the River Tisza belonged to the Pick family.

Jenő Pick aspired to bring about great changes with modern instruments. He had a good sense for the market, he saw the importance of promotion. Salami became the leader product in the first decade of the 20th century.  By 1939, the Pick factory was the second largest food processing plant in Hungary. In 1944 the Nazi Germany invaded Hungary and Jenő had to leave Szeged with other, approximately 9,000 Jews. He arrived in Budapest and survived the war under the protection of the Swedish Embassy. In 1948, the socialist government nationalized the company. Jenő visited Szeged to see if the factory was still there, but later returned to Budapest where his children supported him until he died.

In 2007, the “Winter Salami” gained European Union PDO status. Eventually, the Pick factory was bought out by other salami production companies, including Ringa in 2007 and Herz in 2010, and lost connection with the Pick family.

According to the original recipe the salami was made of donkey meat, and flavoured with a secret spice mix.  Originally, the salami was encased in horse intestines, later it was replaced with cellulose. After a while, however, there were not enough donkeys left, so another type of meat was needed to replace it.

Pick found the solution to have a comparable taste, and it was elder sow meat. The sausage making process was similar to other methods, except that he had used horse casings followed by a cold smokingpreservation of the salami, and finished with a precise drying and ripening procedure. With this new process the salami became covered with magnificent mould, giving the product a unique and characteristic smell and taste. Mould fungi need a chilly temperature and suitable humidity to settle down. Therefore, the factories were established at riversides, such as the original Pick Salami factory by the River Tisza.

The Pick family established something remarkable in the form of its legendary salami, which has become a Hungaricum, a worldwide known, tasty, and desired product. Excellent quality, carefully selected raw materials and a strict quality assurance system guarantee that their Winter Salami will remain as remarkable as it was when it was first created.

 INTERESTING FACTS

• Paprika did not originally feature among the seasonings used in Pick salami; it was only later that paprika-flavoured (“choice”) and “spicy” salami were introduced
• The principal guarantee of quality was the salami masters with their outstanding expertise. They lived on the factory premises and were at hand night and day to take any measures in the maturing process which were necessary because of changes in the weather. Everything depended on the weather. How much ventilation time was necessary or possible? At what level should the salami going through the maturing process be kept?
• No-one has yet succeeded in copying the secrets of Pick salami. Each salami master knew about only one part of the production process.
• In 2008, the first Asian Pick office was opened in Japan, Tokyo

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Just a few figures to show the popularity of the product: Túró Rudi consumption is about 33 pieces per capita in Hungary. This, of course, doesn’t mean that everybody eats as many as this, some eat more some eat fewer, but it’s only a minority who don’t eat any at all. If you put every Túró Rudi produced annually in a single line it will reach from Budapest to the North Pole. The quantity of milk used for producing Túró Rudi yearly would fill two 50-metre-long Olympic size swimming pools, and Hungarians spend about twenty-two billion HUF on Túró Rudi a year.  

In the beginning

The story of Túró Rudi dates back to 1954, when three Hungarian dairy experts went to a two-week tour to the Soviet Union to study the dairy industry and saw a product there that can be considered the ancestor of its Hungarian counterpart. The Russian product was a rectangular bar of curd, covered with dark chocolate coating. Its coating was thinner and the filling was sweeter. Though it was love at first sight with the product, it took almost twelve years to develop the perfect recipe of the Hungarian Túró Rudi and production started in 1968 only.

The story of the name

If we tried to translate Túró Rudi word by word into English it would be something like “Curd-cheese-stick”. The “Rudi” in the name comes from the Hungarian “rúd”, which translates into rod or bar (and is also a nickname for the name “Rudolf”). The name was invented by Sándor Klein, a lecturer at the Budapest University of Technology. The choice of the name raised a bit of a controversy as people thought it was vulgar and had pornographic associations, so Túró Rudi had to start its career without any advertisements. But the name stayed anyway, and throughout the 1970s, the product turned out to be highly successful.

What is it made of?

Túró Rudi is made with curd, which may remind English-speaking people of something eaten by Little Miss Muffet along with whey while sitting on a tuffet. They may find the combination of chocolate and curd weird, because they tend to think that chocolate and curd don’t fit together. But as soon as they taste the snack they usually fall in love with it after the first bite. Túró Rudi’s special and unrivalled taste is really addictive. Once you taste it, you will become dependent on it and you will just crave for more. The basic (plain, “natúr”) bar comes in two sizes: the classic 30-gram (1.1 oz) bar and the larger (“óriás”, giant) 51 g (1.8 oz) bar. There are differently-flavoured varieties, with e.g. apricot, strawberry or plum jam or even hazelnut in the curd. The plain bar can be bought with dark chocolate or milk chocolate outer coating.

The packaging

The packaging has had the distinctive red dots on it since the very beginning. Since that time Túró Rudi’s appearance has changed many times but the original brand always appeared with red dots on its package giving it its nickname: Dots. (Pöttyös). The red polka-dots are readily associated with Túró Rudi by its regular consumers. Pöttyös is the best known brand and many say that their Túró Rudi is the best. Though there are many similar curd products on the market in many sizes and flavours, the use of the name of Túró Rudi is only allowed for two companies in Hungary.

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Túró Rudi around the world

The Austrian company Landfrisch sells its version of Túró Rudi, admittedly copied from the original one, under the name of Landfrisch Rudi. Túró Rudi also exists in China as Túró Kiittyy. In Poland it’s called Danio Batonik. In Russia and in many post-Soviet states, the original version of the product is available in a rectangular and slightly softer form with a sweeter taste than the Hungarian one. In Slovakia it’s sold under the name of Dots.

Túró Rudi as part of culture

The Hungarian band 100 Folk Celsius have a song about Túró Rudi, which was a popular hit for a long time. Túró Rudi is the name of the Red Baron in the Hungarian translation of Richard Scarry’s children’s books, and believe it or not Túró Rudi has entered into art as well. Marcus Goldson, an English painter, regularly uses the packaging of Túró Rudi for his paintings. He said: “I saw an old lady who was feeding her two dogs with Túró Rudi from her hands. The sight was so beautiful that I painted it. Since then, I have used the packaging of Túró Rudi for several paintings. Wherever I see dots I’m always associating them with Túró Rudi. But this is not the only reason why I use it. I think there is no more unique Hungarian specialty like this. Wherever I have been in the world, I haven’t found a similar sweetness.”

What a praise for our beloved snack! It couldn’t have been put any better. 

Anne: I can’t believe this is really happening. Tomorrow we’re moving out. It feels kind of surreal, doesn’t it?
Mark: Yeah, it does. We’ve been talking about it for months, and now it’s finally here. I’m excited, but also a bit nervous.
Anne: Same here. I mean, we’ve lived in this flat for almost five years. It’s hard to say goodbye to a place that’s been home for so long.
Mark: True. Every corner here has a memory. Remember when we painted the bedroom and ended up spilling paint all over the floor?
Anne: Oh, how could I forget? It took days to clean that up! Still, this flat has been good to us. But I think it’s time for something new.
Mark: Definitely. The new apartment is bigger, brighter, and that balcony? I can already picture us having coffee there in the mornings.
Anne: Yes! And it’s closer to work, too. No more long bus rides or getting stuck in traffic every morning.
Mark: Exactly. Hey, did you finish packing the kitchen stuff? I saw a few pans still out.
Anne: Not yet. I’m leaving the essentials for tonight—just in case we want tea or something simple. I’ll finish it before bed, I promise.
Mark: Alright. Let me know if you need help. I already disassembled the dining table and wrapped the chairs.
Anne: Thanks, that’s a huge help. Oh! Did you call the electric and gas companies about the change of address?
Mark: Yes, I called them this morning. Everything should be transferred by the weekend. We’ll have power and hot water from day one. How about Internet services?
Anne: They’re setting it up on Monday. So, we’ll have to use our limited mobile net for two days.
Mark: Hmm… Well, maybe that’s a good thing. We’ll focus on unpacking and settling in.
Anne: Exactly. Less distractions.I put all the important documents—passports, contracts, bank stuff—into a folder and marked the box clearly.
Mark: Perfect. The last thing we need is to lose something important in all this mess.
Anne: By the way, are we still asking James and Sophie to help us tomorrow?
Mark: Yes, they’re coming around 10 a.m. They offered to help carry the heavy stuff. We’re lucky to have friends like them.
Anne: Totally. Okay, let’s try to finish the packing tonight so we can get at least a few hours of sleep. Tomorrow’s going to be a long day.
Mark: Agreed. Let’s finish strong—and maybe order some takeaway food as our last dinner in this place?
Anne: Great idea. One last pizza night here. It’s the end of an era.
Mark: And the beginning of a new one.

IMPORTANT PHRASES

I can’t believe this is really happening.  – El sem tudom hinni, hogy ez a dolog tényleg megtörténik.
We’ve been talking about it for months. – Hónapok óta beszélünk róla.
It’s hard to say goodbye to a place that’s been home for so long. – Nehéz elköszönni egy helytől, ami olyan sokáig az otthonunk volt.
Every corner here has a memory.  – Minden sarokhoz emlékek kötődnek.
How could I forget?  – Hogy is tudnám elfelejteni?
No more long bus rides or getting stuck in traffic every morning. – Nem lesz több buszozás vagy dugóban való ácsorgás minden reggel.
I’m leaving the essentials for tonight. – A legszükségesebb dolgokat meghagyom ma estére.
I already disassembled the dining table – Az ebédlőasztalt már szétszedtem.
That’s a huge help.  – Ez hatalmas segítség.
We’ll focus on unpacking and settling in. – A kipakolásra és a berendezkedésre fogunk fókuszálni.
Less distractions.  – Kevesebb zavaró tényező lesz.
I marked the box clearly. – Láthatóan/világosan megjelöltem a dobozt.
The last thing we need is to lose something important – Az utolsó dolog, amire szükségünk van, hogy elveszítsünk valami fontosat.
They offered to help carry the heavy stuff.  – Felajánlották, hogy segítenek cipelni a nehéz dolgokat.
We’re lucky to have friends like them. – Szerencsések vagyunk, hogy olyan barátaink lehetnek, mint ők.
to get at least a few hours of sleep – legalább néhány órát aludni
Tomorrow’s going to be a long day. – Holnap hosszú nap lesz.
It’s the end of an era. – Ez egy korszak vége
And the beginning of a new one. – És egy új korszak kezdete.

IMPORTANT WORDS

to move out – kiköltözni
excited – izgatott
nervous – ideges
to end up – az lesz a vége
to spill the paint – kiönteni a festéket
bright – világos
pan – lábos
just in case – ha netán
to wrap – becsomagolni
to transfer– átvinni, áthelyezni
power – elektromos áram
contract – szerződés
folder – dosszié
in this mess– ebben a rendetlenségben
by the way – apropó
takeaway food – rendelt étel, étel elvitelre

One of the first things to do when moving house is to find a new place to live. This might take time, as you need to consider many things. For example, you should think about the location, the size of the house, and how much rent or mortgage you can afford. Some people choose to live closer to their work or school, while others prefer a quieter area or somewhere near family.

Once you’ve found a new home, the next step is packing. Many people don’t realize how many things they own until they have to pack them. It’s a good idea to start packing early and organize your belongings. You can pack room by room and label each box, so it’s easier to unpack later. You might also decide to throw away or donate things you no longer need. Moving is a great opportunity to declutter and start fresh.

Hiring a moving company can make things easier, especially if you have heavy furniture or a lot of boxes. However, it can be expensive, so some people prefer to ask friends or family for help and rent a van instead. Whichever option you choose, make sure you plan the moving day carefully. Don’t forget to inform your utility providers, your bank, and your employer about your new address.

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The moving day itself can be tiring and emotional. Saying goodbye to your old home, neighbours, and familiar surroundings can be hard, especially if you’ve lived there for a long time. On the other hand, it’s also a chance to start a new chapter in your life. Many people feel excited about decorating their new place, exploring the area, and meeting new people.

After moving in, it might take a while to feel comfortable. Unpacking, organizing your new home, and getting used to a different environment can be challenging. But over time, most people settle in and begin to enjoy their new space. Moving house is a great chance for a fresh start and brings lots of joy and provides new experiences.

A Brief History of the Ice Cream Truck

It’s the sound of summer: a string of jangly notes cutting through the sticky-hot air. The response is Pavlovian. Mouths water. Parents reach for their wallets. Kids lace up their shoes and hit the pavement. For Ben Van Leeuwen, it was no different. Growing up in suburban Riverside, Conn., he’d race toward the siren song. The ice cream truck was coming.

In the sea of sweaty people elbowing to place orders, Van Leeuwen always took his time. He’d inspect the full menu. He’d imagine the flavors – Strawberry Shortcake, Choco Taco, King Cone. Then he’d pick what he always picked: a Reckless Rainbow Pop Up. “We were poor,” he laughs. The push pop was cheap.

Today, Van Leeuwen is an ice cream magnate. With six trucks and three storefronts in New York City, the company prides itself on its quality. Handcrafted recipes combine ingredients like Michel Cluizel chocolate from France, pistachios from Sicily, Tahitian vanilla beans from Papua New Guinea.

The history of frozen street treats begins long before Van Leeuwen encountered his first push pop – it begins before even mechanical refrigeration. That the cold treat had to come to America before it could move off kings’ tables and into the hands of common folk makes the story that much sweeter.

WE ALL SCREAM FOR ICE CREAM

Difficult to obtain and harder to store, ice itself was once a luxury. When the Roman Emperor Nero wanted Italian ice, he ordered it the old-fashioned way—dispatching his servants tofetch snow from mountain tops, wrap it in straw, and bring it back to mix with fruits and honey—a practice still popular with elites in Spain and Italy 1,500 years later. Around the world, monarchs in Turkey, India, and Arabia used flavored ices to punch up the extravagance at banquets, serving frosty bouquets flavored with fruit pulp, syrup, and flowers—often the grand finale at feasts intended to impress. But it wasn’t until the mid-16th century, when scientists in Italy discovered a process for on-demand freezing—placing a container of water in a bucket of snow mixed with saltpeter—that the ice cream renaissance truly began.

The innovation spread through European courts, and before long, royal chefs were whipping up red wine slushes, icy custards, and cold almond creams. Cooks experimented with every exotic ingredient in their arsenal: violets, saffron, rose petals. But while the excitement for ice cream grew, the treats were clearly reserved for the elite. The dessert needed a trip across the pond and a few more centuries of innovation before it could trickle down to the masses.

Ice cream came to America with the first colonists. British settlers brought recipes with them, and the treat found space at the Founding Fathers’ tables. George Washington loved it. Thomas Jefferson was such a fan that he studied the art of ice cream making in France and returned with a machine so he could churn his own flavors at Monticello. But even in this monarch-free land, the frosty desserts were an extravagance. Vanilla and sugar were expensive, and access to ice was limited. To serve the dessert year-round, Jefferson built himself an icehouse, refrigerated with wagonloads of ice harvested from the nearby Rivanna River. Still, even with all the means and materials, the road to producing ice cream was rocky.

Making a scoop was laborious. Cooks had to extract the iced mixture from a frozen pewter bucket, churn and blend it with cream by hand, and place the concoction back into the bucket for additional freezing. To get the desired silky texture, this churning had to be repeated multiple times over days. The process was long and taxing, and generally managed by servants or slaves.

THE ICE AGE

In the 1800s, the ice delivery industry exploded. Companies began harvesting frozen rivers and transporting ice to homes at affordable prices. Before long, ice cream was regularly served in parlors and tea gardens across the country. By the 1830s, ice cream’s role as an Independence Day treat was well established. But for the poor urban populations who couldn’t afford July 4th ices or the fresh ingredients to make ice cream at home, immigrant street vendors came to the rescue. Fresh off the boat and with limited job prospects, these innovators used their culinary talents to grasp at the American dream, selling frozen treats from carts chilled with ice.

Italyand France was where ice cream was first truly developed; they made it delicious. In the U.S., they developed the business. The cheap wooden wagons let proprietors avoid rent and taxes that came with setting up a store. And demand for their wares was always high.

Before the invention of the ice cream cone, vendors scooped ice cream into a regular glass, which a customer would lick clean. Then they returned the glass to the peddler, who would swish it in a pail before refilling it for the next customer. It was an entirely unsanitary practice.

But it was the ice cream sandwich that truly melted the social boundaries, as blue and white collars alike huddled around pushcarts on hot summer days. They started ice cream as a street food. It was a walk-around food—you’d stand up and eat it. Ice cream had become a staple of the American diet—not just for the rich and powerful, but for everybody—and it was about to get even more mobile.

On a winter evening in 1920, candy maker Harry Burt was puttering around his ice cream shop. Burt had made a name for himself by sticking a wooden handle on a ball of candy to create a lollipop. Ready for a bigger challenge, he set out to create an ice cream novelty. He started by mixing coconut oil and cocoa butter to seal a smooth block of vanilla ice cream in the silky chocolate coating. The treat looked good, but it was messy. When his daughter Ruth grabbed for the bar, more of the chocolate coating ended up on her hands than her mouth. Burt’s son, came up with a better idea: Why not use the sticks from the lollipops as handles?

In 1920, Burt invested in 12 refrigerator trucks for distribution around the city. He made sure they were pristine white and put professional-looking drivers in signature white uniforms to signify cleanliness and safety to parents. Then he crafted a scheme for luring the kids. He promised to follow a specified route so families would know when to expect the truck to come by. A bell chimed so everyone would know they could come out and purchase ice cream. Before long, the sound was synonymous with the ice cream man.

The ice cream trucks – except for the trucks’ tune technology—the jingle is now blasted loud and clear through electronic circuits—are unchanged, right down to the classic menu on the side. For close to 50 years, that menu board has changed only four times.

Whether they’re vintage or modern, classic or creative, ice cream trucks have a seductive allure that’s about more than just ice cream. They summon a particular kind of nostalgia—the sense of freedom and possibility that comes from long, carefree summer days and the particular thrill of having a dollar in your pocket and a long list of treats from which to choose. The ice cream man has basically been doing the same thing for hundreds of years now—exciting crowds by delivering something utterly familiar wrapped in different packages. But there’s comfort in that.

source: mentalfloss

Practice some of the words in the text by using them to fill in the gaps in these sentences.

1. The Emperor Nero ordered his servants to …………… snow from the mountains.

2. InItalian courts a …………… of snow was used for freezing.

3. InEuropean courts cooks experimented with exotic …………… .

4. Ice cream was exported to America by the first …………… .

5. First servants or slaves managed the long …………… of making ice cream.

6. Inthe early 19th century …………… appeared where ice cream was served.

7. Poorer people could buy ice cream from street …………… .

8. Ice cream was scooped into a regular glass before the invention of the ice cream …………… .

9. Ice cream became a …………… of the American diet in the 20th century.

10. The ice cream truck reminds people of long …………… summer days.

Key:

1. fetch

2. bucket

3. ingredients

4. colonists

5. process

6. parlors

7. vendors

8. cone

9. staple

10. carefree