The Pumi was used to herd cattle, sheep, goats and swine and today it is still used as a working dog. While driving livestock to and from pastures, the Pumi barked, moved quickly and occasionally nipped the misbehaving ones so as to keep them within the pasture boundaries. Its job was to guard the farm too, as a handy, loud and enthusiastic alarm system.  

Most Pumis are born black and start graying at the age of 6-8 weeks. Their coat is curly, thick and of medium length. The Pumi’s trademark is its lively and pointed ears. Pumis are very protective towards their family. The lively and active dogs bark easily, but they are also easy to train.

There are 9 major Hungarian dog breeds. They all have distinctive features and their history go back more than 1000 years.

Komondor or the Hungarian sheepdog is a large, white-coloured dog with a long, corded coat. Komondors have a natural guardian instinct to guard livestock and other property. The Komondor breed has been declared one of the country’s national treasures. Komondors are sometimes referred to as “mop dogs”; the corded white coat of the Komondor is about 20-27cm long resembling dreadlocks – or a mop.

The Kuvasz is another ancient livestock dog breed. This large, white dog is intelligent, intensely loyal and patient. They are strictly working dogs who think and act independently, so they are for experienced handlers only. During the 15^th century, the Kuvasz became a popular and prized animal; King Matthias Corvinus was especially fond of them. Later, their popularity waned and by the end of World War II, nearly all of them were killed by invading soldiers, as they had the reputation of protecting their owners. After the near extinction, however, breeding continued

The Magyar Agár is a sighthound originating in Hungary and Transylvania. They have a long, elegant body and a wedge-shaped head. The breed is affectionate and docile and usually well behaved around children. The Magyar Agár is easy to train, intelligent and their adaptability means that they can live comfortably in apartments as well as outdoor kennels.

The Mudi is a herding dog breed, closely related to the Puli and Pumi. The dog’s coat is wavy or curly. The Mudi is a versatile farm dog, clever, keen, active and very loyal. The breed can live outdoors and indoors as well, but it needs lots of exercise.

The Puli is a small herding and livestock guarding dog known for its distinctive corded coat. The curls are similar to the dreadlocks of the Komondor. The colour of the Puli is usually black, but there are gray and cream Pulis as well. The breed is intelligent and active. They do best when they can live outdoors, because they need lots of exercise. The Puli is friendly and good with children, but it is also a sensitive breed. Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg owns a Puli, its name is Beast and it has its own Facebook page.

The Transylvanian Hound (Erdélyi Kopó) is also an ancient dog breed. The strong, medium-sized dog was used for hunting. It has a black body with tan and white markings on the muzzle, chest and extremities. Its tan eyebrow spots are distinctive features. Its coat is dense and shiny. The ancestors of the hound came with the invading Magyar tribes – just like the Kuvasz. Although a popular and widespread hunting dog, it was almost extinct at the beginning of the twentieth century. The Transylvanian Hound is able to tolerate rough weather conditions. The breed is courageous and good-natured.    

The Vizsla is a medium-sized sporting dog, a natural hunter and a very trainable dog. They are lively, gentle, affectionate, fearless, and sensitive. They are robust and strong, but lightly built and lean. Their coat is a solid golden-rust colour, but their coat is not thick enough for them to be kept outside. The Vizsla forms a close bond with its owner, children, even strangers. They are excellent swimmers and as all hunting dogs, they need lots of exercise to remain healthy. A close relative of the Vizsla is the Wirehaired Vizsla. Their coat is wiry, strong and dense and they have strong eyebrows. 

]]> https://www.5percangol.hu/2024-szeptemberi-szam/kutya-angolul-coping-with-separation-anxiety-in-dogs/ Thu, 19 Sep 2024 13:41:37 +0000 https://www.5percangol.hu/?p=114601 Dogs are social creatures that form strong bonds with their human companions. However, this deep attachment can sometimes lead to separation anxiety when the dog is left alone. Separation anxiety in dogs can manifest in various ways, such as excessive barking, destructive behavior, and even self-harm. It’s essential for dog owners to understand and address this issue to ensure the well-being and happiness of their furry friends. This article explores effective strategies for dealing with separation anxiety in dogs, helping you foster a stronger bond and create a more relaxed environment for your four-legged companion.

1. Gradual Desensitization: One of the key techniques for managing separation anxiety is desensitizing your dog to your departure. Start by practicing short periods of separation and gradually increase the duration over time. Begin by leaving the room for a few minutes, then gradually extend the time to build your dog’s tolerance. This method helps to reduce their fear and anxiety associated with being alone.

2. Establish a Calm Routine: Dogs thrive on predictability and routine, which can help alleviate separation anxiety. Create a consistent daily schedule that includes regular exercise, feeding times, and play sessions. By providing a structured routine, you give your dog a sense of security and stability, minimizing their anxiety when you’re not around.

3. Create a Safe Space: Designate a specific area in your home where your dog feels secure and comfortable. This can be a crate or a specific room. Ensure this space is well-equipped with their favorite toys, blankets, and treats. Gradually introduce this safe space during your desensitization exercises, making it a positive and soothing environment your dog associates with relaxation.
4. Counterconditioning: Counterconditioning involves associating your departure with positive experiences for your dog. Offer special treats or toys that your dog loves and use them exclusively when you leave. This creates a positive association with your absence and can help alleviate anxiety. Over time, your departure will become a cue for something enjoyable rather than a trigger for stress.

5. Mental Stimulation: Boredom can exacerbate separation anxiety. Engage your dog’s mind with puzzle toys, treat-dispensing toys, or interactive games. Mental stimulation can tire them out and redirect their focus from your absence, reducing anxiety levels. Additionally, consider leaving calming background noises, such as soft music or white noise, to create a soothing ambiance in your absence.

6. Seek Professional Help: If your dog’s separation anxiety persists or is severe, it’s important to seek professional assistance. A veterinarian or a qualified dog behaviorist can provide a comprehensive assessment of your dog’s condition and offer tailored advice and strategies. In some cases, medication or specialized training programs may be recommended to address the underlying anxiety.

7. Avoid Punishment: Refrain from punishing your dog for its anxious behaviors or accidents that may occur due to separation anxiety. Punishment will only increase your dog’s stress levels and exacerbate the problem. Instead, focus on positive reinforcement, rewarding calm behavior, and gradually reducing their dependence on constant human presence.

Dealing with separation anxiety in dogs requires patience, understanding, and consistent effort. By implementing gradual desensitization, establishing a calm routine, creating a safe space, using counterconditioning techniques, providing mental stimulation, and seeking professional help when needed, you can help your furry friend overcome anxiety and build a healthier relationship based on trust and security. Remember, with time and proper guidance, your dog can learn to feel more comfortable and content even when you’re not by its side.

A zoo in China dyed two Chow Chow dogs black and white to make them look like panda bears. The dogs have been on display at Taizhou Zoo in the eastern province of Jiangsu since May 1 and – not surprisingly – have caused a bit of a furore.

Chinese state media has accused the zoo of trying to deceive visitors into thinking the animals are actual pandas. Zoo officials told state media the Chow Chows – a fluffy dog breed originally from northern China – were painted to look like giant pandas but the zoo wasn’t trying to fool anyone. They said the dogs are labelled as ‘panda dogs’, making it clear they are not real panda bears.

Video footage shared online shows the ‘panda dogs’ wagging their tale, something you’re unlikely to see a real panda do. Meanwhile people on social media said dying a dog’s fur is cruel.

‘It is not funny at all to dye Chow Chow dogs to attract tourists,’ one commenter wrote on the social media platform Weibo. ‘Their fragile skin and naturally thick coats make them susceptible to skin diseases.’

Taizhou Zoo, however, denied it had a negative affect on dogs, telling Qilu Evening News: ‘Normal people dye their hair. ‘Dogs can dye their hair, too. It’s the same as hair.’

Pandas are native to China and an international symbol of the country.

source: Metro

Decide if the statements are true or false.

1)The zoo will continue to dye dogs to resemble other animals in the future.
2)The zoo was praised by Chinese state media for their creative approach.
3)The video footage displayed the ‘panda dogs’ wagging their tails, a behavior uncommon in real pandas.
4)Animal rights organizations have criticized the zoo’s actions.
5)The zoo admitted to causing harm to the dogs by dyeing their fur.

Megoldás: 

1) Not Given – This might be a very logical prediction but there is no information in the text to prove this.
2) False – Exaggerates the sentiment expressed in the text, misrepresenting the factual data.
3) True
4) Not Given – Maybe animal rights organizations have criticized the zoo’s actions, there is no information in the text to either prove or disprove that.
5) False – This statement implies that the zoo admitted to causing harm to the dogs, but the text says they denied any negative effects.

However, many dogs don’t like baths at all. There are many reasons why this might be the case. Your dog may have had a bad experience in the past with bath time, or it might be a new experience they find scary. Because of this, many dog owners dread giving their dog a bath – but it doesn’t have to be a struggle. 

Bath time is an essential part of your dog’s grooming routine, and when done right, it can actually be a fun and bonding experience for both of you. Even a dog with a fear of water can learn to love baths. So, if you want to make bath time a breeze, you’ve come to the right place. 

Preparing for your dog’s bath is key, and with the right items you can make bath time a much more pleasant experience for your dog. Here’s a checklist of what you’ll need: 

Dog-Friendly Shampoo: Select a shampoo suitable for your dog’s breed and skin type. Never use human shampoo, as dogs and humans have different pH levels and shampoo for humans can irritate your dog’s skin. 

Towels and Washcloths: Have plenty of soft towels and washcloths on hand to avoid being splashed with water after your dog exits the bath. 

Brush: Before you begin the bath, brushing your dog helps remove tangles and loose fur to make the bath itself simpler and to avoid clogging your drains with dog fur. 

Rubber Mat: Place a slip-proof rubber mat on the bottom of the bathtub. One of the reasons many dogs hate baths is because the slippery surface means they feel off balance, so a grippy rubber mat will put them more at ease. 

Cotton Balls or Ear Plugs: Protect your dog’s ears from water by gently placing cotton balls in them. This will ensure that yeast does not build up in your dog’s ears as a result of the fur and skin there becoming damp. 

Temperature Control: Make sure the bath water – as well as any extra water you run out of the showerhead – is a lukewarm temperature. Just like humans, dogs don’t enjoy freezing cold water, and water that is too hot may burn your dog’s skin. 

Treats: Positive reinforcement is your ticket to success. Treats work wonders in keeping your dog calm and cooperative during the bath, and a treat afterwards will help your dog think of bath time as a positive experience. 

A smile: Your dog takes many cues on how to feel about a situation from you – so if you look or feel anxious, your dog will feel the same way. Bring a positive attitude to bath time, with a smile and a gentle voice, and your dog will feel reassured. 

With the right preparation and a calm approach, bath time can be an enjoyable experience for both you and your furry friend. If your dog is afraid of baths, then it may take some getting used to, but practice makes perfect. Make sure you keep essentials close to hand and bath time can become something that both you and your dog look forward to.

Language Point:

What does TLC mean?

When you give someone extra compassionate, thoughtful attention, you provide TLC, or “tender loving care.” When you’re sick in bed with the flu you might need soup, tea, tissues — and some TLC. The acronym TLC was first used in print around 1953.

by Nathan Pierce

If you’ve ever found your dog’s favorite toy nestled between pillows or under a pile of loose dirt in the backyard, then you’ve probably come to understand that dogs like to bury things. Like many of their behaviors, digging is an instinct. But where does that impulse come from?

Cesar’s Way explains that before dogs were domesticated and enjoyed bags of processed dog food set out in a bowl by their helpful human friends, they were responsible for feeding themselves. If they caught a meal, it was important to keep other dogs from running off with it. To help protect their food supply, it was necessary to bury it. Obscuring it under dirt helped keep other dogs off the scent.

This behavior persists even when a dog knows some kibble is on the menu. It may also manifest itself when a dog has more on its plate than it can enjoy at any one time. The ground is a good place to keep something for later.

But food isn’t the only reason a dog will start digging. If they’ve nabbed something of yours, like a television remote, they may be expressing a desire to play.

Some dog breeds are more prone to digging than others. Terriers, dachshunds, beagles, basset hounds, and miniature schnauzers go burrowing more often than others, though pretty much any dog will exhibit the behavior at times. While there’s nothing inherently harmful about it, you should always be sure a dog in your backyard isn’t being exposed to any lawn care products or other chemicals that could prove harmful. You should also probably keep your remote in a safe place, before the dog decides to relocate it for you.

source: Mentalfloss

A cikk elolvasása után válaszolj a következő kérdésekre.

1. How had dogs protected their food before they were domesticated?
2. When do dogs also hide their food?
3. Do other dogs than the mentioned never go burrowing?
4. What should you take care of in your garden?

keys/megoldások:
1. They had buried their food supply and obscured it under dirt to keep other dogs off the scent.;
2. When they have more food on their plates than they can eat.;
3. No, they also perform this behavior at times.;
4. Your dog should not be exposed to any lawn care products or other chemicals.

Queen Elizabeth Unexpectedly Gets Two New Corgis to Keep Her Company at Windsor Castle

It was thought that the monarch, 94, didn’t want to get any new dogs

Queen Elizabeth is surrounded by corgis once again!

The Queen, 94, has two new corgi pups, bringing her some much-needed quarantine companionship as husband Prince Philip, 99, is in the hospital and the royal family braces itself for Meghan Markle and Prince Harry’s interview with Oprah Winfrey.

The dogs are a welcome – and lively – addition for the Queen, as she strolls the grounds of Windsor Castle, where she has been living alongside a small, tight-knit number of staffers during the coronavirus pandemic.

The Queen has owned corgis and dorgis (a cross with a dachshund) all her adult life, but was down to her last one, Candy, following the death of another dorgi, Vulcan, late last year.

It was thought that she didn’t want to have any more dogs – in part because it risked her tripping over one of the pets and also because she didn’t want to leave any young dogs behind.

News of the new pets – first reported in The Sun on Friday – came as Philip recovers from his heart operation at St. Bartholomew’s hospital in London.

The Queen is well known for her love of corgis, but her last dog of that particular breed, Whisper, died in 2018. She had inherited Whisper in 2016 from Bill Fenwick, a former gamekeeper at Sandringham, after Fenwick’s death. His late wife, Nancy, used to look after the dogs when the Queen was traveling.

One of her most famous dogs, Monty, starred in the short film that played during the opening ceremony of the London 2012 Olympic Games when the monarch joined James Bond star Daniel Craig for a memorable sketch.

source (article; video and pictures): People.com; Pembroke Welsh Corgi – Top 10 Facts, Dogs Wiz, Youtube

A videó megnézése után töltsd ki a következő interaktív kvízt a videóban hallott és látott információk alapján.

Where Did the Phrase “The Dog Ate My Homework” Come from?

Dogs are known as man’s best friend. Dogs keep us safe, are hard workers … and can provide a handy excuse in a pinch. Maybe that’s why versions of the classic expression the dog ate my homework have been around for hundreds of years.

Today, the dog ate my homework is used as a stock example of the kind of silly excuses schoolchildren give for why their work isn’t finished. Very rarely do people say, “the dog ate my homework” and expect it to be taken literally; they use the expression as an example of a typically flimsy excuse.

So where did the phrase come from?

Forrest Wickman, a writer for Slate, describes the legend of the 6th-century Saint Ciarán of Clonmacnoise as the alleged first recorded “the dog ate my homework” story. According to the tale, Saint Ciarán had a tame young fox that would take his writings to his master for him. One day, the fox grew up and decided to eat the leather strap binding the writings together instead. Still, this tale is more Garden-of-Eden parable and less terrible schoolchild excuse.

The notion that dogs will eat just about anything, including paper, turns up in lots of stories over the centuries. An example comes from The Humors of Whist, published in 1808 in Sporting Magazine. In the story, the players are sitting around playing cards when one of them remarks that their companion would have lost the game had the dog not eaten the losing card. Good boy.

Some attribute the creation of the dog ate my homework to a joke that was going around at the beginning of the 20th century. In a tale found as far back as an 1894 memoir by Anglican priest Samuel Reynolds Hole, a preacher gives a shortened version of a sermon because a dog got into his study and ate some of the pages he had written. However, the clerk loved it because they had been wanting the preacher to shorten his sermons for years.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the first example of the dog ate my homework excuse in print can be found in a speech given by retiring headmaster James Bewsher in 1929 and published in the Manchester Guardian: “It is a long time since I have had the excuse about the dog tearing up the arithmetic homework.” The way this comment is phrased suggests that the whole dog ate my homework story had been around for some time before it was put in print.

When was the word homework created?

But in order for a dog to eat homework specifically, homework had to be invented (oh, and how we wish it hadn’t been). True, the word homework, as in what we call today housework, appears as early as 1653. But homework, as in school exercises to be done at home, isn’t found until 1852. Once we had homework, it was only a matter of time before the dog was accused of eating it.

How we use this phrase now

No matter the origin, sometime in the 1950s, the expression became set as the dog ate my homework. This inspired any number of riffs on the theme, like my cow ate my homework or my brother ate my homework. In the 1960s, the dog ate my homework continued to gain popularity. The expression popped up a couple times in politics over the years, like when President Reagan said to reporters in 1988, “I had hoped that we had marked the end of the ‘dog-ate-my-homework’ era of Congressional budgetary … but it was not to be.”

It seems unlikely that the dog ate my homework was ever used consistently or frequently by actual schoolchildren. In fact, it’s the unlikeliness of the story that makes it so funny and absurd as a joke. Instead, teachers and authority figures appear to have cited the dog ate my homework many times over the years as such a bad excuse they can’t believe students are really using it.

In the 21st century, students don’t spend as much time working with physical pen and paper as they once did. That may contribute to the decline in the use of the phrase. So, maybe soon we’ll see a new equally absurd phrase pop up. Come on Zoomers, you’ve got this.

source:  dictionary.com

A cikk elolvasása után válaszolj röviden a következő kérdésekre az olvasott információk alapján.

1. What animal did Forrest Wickman mention in the tale?
2. Why did people love the dog that ate some of the pages that their preacher had written?
3. When was the word ‘homework’ found meaning the same we use it for today?
4. When did the expression become set?
5. Why can’t this phrase be a good excuse in the 21^st century?

keys/megoldások: 1. a tame young fox; 2. because they had wanted their preacher to deliver shorter sermons for years; 3. in 1842; 4. in the 1950’s; 5. because students don’t use pen and paper as often as they used to

Dog owners issued urgent warning ahead of Christmas in bid to avoid harm to pets

Experts have warned people to keep an eye on their dogs and be careful they do not eat some foods – including chives, cakes and mulled wine – that may be harmful to them

Dog owners across the UK have been urged to take care during the festive period to avoid harm to their pets.

Experts have warned people to be vigilant and keep an eye on their dogs to make sure they do not eat some foods that may be harmful to them.

These include chocolate and raisins, but also other festive items such as onions and chives which could cause severe sickness in canines.

Posting on Twitter, the Dogs Trust Manchester page shared a warning and a list of festive products to keep away from your pooch over the Christmas period, the Manchester Evening News reports.

If your dog ends up eating any of the foods or drinks included on the list, it could end up really poorly, so it is important to make sure you know what to keep away from your furry friend.

Here’s Dogs Trust Manchester’s top tips for what to avoid this Christmas:

Ensure human treats are out of sight, reach and smell

Don’t let your dog eat: Christmas cake, Christmas pudding, mince pies or chocolate

Don’t let your dog drink: Drinking chocolate, mulled wine or any alcohol

Avoid onions, leeks, garlic, shallots and chives. These cause diarrhoea, vomiting and damage to red blood cells

Watch out for holly berries and mistletoe. These cause vomiting, diarrhoea and lethargy

Tails.com head vet Sean McCormack previously warned: “It’s important to be cautious about the treats you give to your dog both over Christmas and throughout the year, to make sure you avoid giving harmful foods and so your dog doesn’t pile on the pounds.

“It’s amazing how much we underestimate the calories in the ‘harmless’ treats we give our pets.

“Giving a small dog a single sausage can be the equivalent of us eating up to three cheeseburgers.

“To treat your dog in a healthy way at Christmas, stick to lean, cooked meat and healthier Christmas table staples like carrots and green beans.”

source: Mirror

A cikk elolvasása után próbáld kiegészíteni a kutyatulajdonosoknak szóló tanácsok összefoglalóját. Figyelj arra, hogy különböző tanácsadásnál használt szerkezetekbe kell a cikkből származó információkat behelyezned, ezért a szerkezeteknek megfelelő formára alakítsd az információt.

let their dog drink – give onions and chives – give lean, cooked meat and carrots and green beans – keep human treats – keep an eye on – let their dogs eat – use holly berries or mistletoes

1. It’s time for dog owners ___________ their dogs during the festive season.
2. Dog owners should ________ chocolate or raisins. (not)
3. Dog owners had better ________ or food containing them to their furry friends. (not)
4. Vets would rather dog owners ______________ out of their dog’s sight.
5. Vets wish dog owners ___________ hot chocolate or mulled wine. (not)
6. If only dog owners ________ as decorations. (not)
7. Dog owners should ______________ to their dogs.

had better + bare infinitive/not +bare infinitive: jobban tenné, ha ezt tenné/nem tenné

should+ bare infinitive: kellene tennie valamit

If only/sy wish sy else + verb past tense/would +bare infinitive: bárcsak valaki más ezt tenné/hajlandó lenne ezt tenni

sy would rather sy else + verb past tense: valaki jobban szeretné, ha valaki más tenne valamit

it’s time for sy + to infinitive: ideje lenne valakinek csinálnia valamit

keys/megoldások: 1. to keep an eye on; 2. not let their dogs eat; 3. not give onions and chives; 4. kept human treats; 5. didn’t let their dogs drink/wouldn’t let their dog drink; 6. wouldn’t use holly berries or mistletoes; 7. give lean, cooked meat and carrots and green beans

A friendly dog named Negão now has a great life, but that wasn’t always the case.

Sabrina Plannerer, owner of a Shell gas station in Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil, spotted the dog one day around the station. He had been abandoned there and was roaming around, too afraid to leave.

Plannerer knew she couldn’t let him go; she and her partner took him in. “We adopted him immediately and got him all the care animals need,” she told The Dodo. “We took him to the vet to get vaccinated and de-wormed. We bought him food, a dog house, and a leash to take him on walks.”

Not only did Plannerer and her partner adopt Negão: they hired him at the gas station. They’ve owned the station for two years, and they made him a greeter.

At first, the pair were unsure as to how Negão would take to the job. Plannerer said, however, that he’s a natural. “Negão waits for people to arrive, and then goes up to say hello, winning them over with his charms,” Plannerer told The Dodo. “Customers love him. Some people even bring him toys.”

Negão is a stellar employee and now a face of local Brazilian charity Grupo FERA. A spokesman for the charity is thrilled the pup has a home — and a job. “It’s been sensational, encouraging people to have more respect for animals,” they told The Dodo. “And workers enjoy having the companionship of a 4-legged colleague.”

Find the definition of the following verbs!

key: 1-e, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b, 5-d

Hungarian Dog Breeds are said to be some of the oldest dog breeds in existence. Hungary has some of the best sheep herding dogs as well as hunting dogs. In Hungary you can now find a variety of dog breeds that are descendants of their homeland as well as dog breeds that originate elsewhere.

The Hungarian Vizsla originated in Hungary and was bred to locate and collect game for hunters. Hungarian Vizslas are extremely sweet, cuddly dogs that thrive on any affection they get! These dogs have an unusually high energy level and will need a large amount of exercise daily to be happy and healthy.

The Kuvasz is probably one of the oldest of all breeds. Some say that the Kuvasz has been known since 200 B.C., since the age of the Huns. After World War II, there were only 30 Kuvasz left in the world, but with the perseverance of many breeders, the Kuvasz has been repopulated in Hungary.

The Komondor is a descendant of Tibetan dogs. For a long time, people thought it was brought by the nomadic Magyars to herd sheep. In 1920, the breed started to be presented in dog shows and became more popular.

The Puli is also a sheep dog, that was brought to Hungary by the Magyars to be used as sheep dogs. During World War II, this breed almost disappeared, but a breeding program successfully brought the breed back to life.

DOG SUPPLIES – ALL YOU NEED TO TAKE CARE OF YOUR DOG

collar	leash	dog toy
[ˈkɒlə]	[liːʃ]	[dɒɡ toɪ]
nyakörv	póráz	kutyajáték
dog food	bone	treats
[dɒɡ fuːd]	[bəʊn]	[triːts]
kutyakaja	csont	jutalomfalat
dog bed	dog house	kennel
[dɒɡ bed]	[dɒɡ haʊz]	[ˈkenl̩]
kutyafekhely	kutyaház	kennel

TRAIN YOUR DOG!

Obedience is very important, so teach your dog some basic rules!

Bark! – Ugass!/Hangot!
Bite! – Csibész!
Come! – Hozzám!
Down! – Fekszik!
Fetch! – Hozd!
Good boy!  – Jó fiú!
Good girl! – Jó kislány!
Good job! – Szép munka!/Ügyes vagy! 
Heel! – Lábhoz!
Here! – Hozzám!
Hi five! – Pacsi!
Leave it! – Ereszd!
Play dead! – Tetszhalott vagy!
Roll over! – Bukfenc!
Shake-a-paw! – Rázz kezet!
Sit! – Ül!
Stay! – Marad!
Track! – Keresd!

OTHER IMPORTANT WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

bitch [bɪtʃ] – szuka
litter [ˈlɪtə] – alom
to howl [tu haʊl] – nyüszít
pedigree [ˈpedɪɡriː] -törzskönyv
flea [fliː] – bolha
tick [tɪk] – kullancs
puppy [ˈpʌpi] – kölyökkutya
to bark [tu bɑːk] – ugat
to wag one’s tail [tu wæɡ wʌnz teɪl] – csóválja a farkát
stray dog [streɪ dɒɡ] – kóbor kutya
breed [briːd] – fajta
obedience [əˈbiːdɪəns] – engedelmesség

Here are 10 incredible scientific discoveries about dogs.

Dogs are perhaps best known for being loving and loyal, but they also have a bevy of lesser-known and quite fascinating traits.

Here are 10 incredible scientific discoveries about them.

Number 10. They have 3 eyelids. Like people, dogs have top and bottom ones that move up and down. They also have one that originates in the corner of the eye and moves side to side. Its purpose is for clearing mucus and debris.

Number 9. Dogs really do love their humans. There’s scientific proof of it. MRI scans revealed that when presented with the scents of various people and canines, the reward centers of the dogs’ brains were most responsive to the aromas of their human companions.

Number 8. They’re just as smart as toddlers. Specially designed IQ tests show that dogs’ capabilities are on par with the typical 2-year-old. That means they’re capable of learning over 150 words and gestures.

Number 7. Dog paws often smell like snack foods. There’s some debate as to whether the particular scent is popcorn or corn chips, but either way the cause of it has been linked to a bacteria dogs pick up while walking about.

Number 6. Canines possess the super power of night vision. It’s not cat-level, but it is superior to the darkness navigating abilities of humans. Dogs’ pupils are larger and their central retinas have more cells dedicated to light sensitivity than to color detection. That gives them an upper hand when it comes to making out objects in dim light.

Number 5. Every nose is unique. The Canadian Kennel Club has been using nose prints as a means of individual identification since the 1930s, and many organizations have followed suit.

Number 4. They most likely dream. Proof isn’t at the 100 percent mark, but there is an abundance of support backing the claim. Much of it is based in brain attributes and behaviors that dogs and humans share. Among them are structure and the occurrence of electrical impulses during the deep sleep stage.

Number 3. Fur isn’t just about warmth. In the summer it acts as insulation, keeping heat from reaching the body. Fur also protects the skin from the sun’s damaging rays.

Number 2. They really do listen when you talk. Even better, they’ve been shown to understand a lot of what’s being said. Though they’re not able to decipher the words, dogs can interpret certain sounds and the message’s overall emotional tone.

Number 1. Dogs aren’t nearly as sweaty as humans. That’s largely because rather than having sweat glands all over the bodies, as people do, dogs only have them in their paws. To cool off they rely mostly on panting.

What about dogs do you find most fascinating?

Mit tudtunk meg a kutyákról a videóból? Válaszolj a kérdésekre magyarul!

1. Miben különbözik a kutyák szemhéja az emberekétől?

2. Mibizonyítja, hogy a kutyák szeretik az embereket?

3. Mibizonyítja a kutyák intelligenciáját?

4. Miért van olyan szaga a kutyák mancsának, mint a snackeknek?

5. Mennyire látnak jól a kutyák a sötétben?

6. Mialapján azonosítják a kutyákat Kanadában?

7. Mit tudunk meg a kutyák álmáról?

8. Mire jó a kutyák szőre?

9. Mit értenek meg az emberi beszédből?

10. Miért nem izzadnak a kutyák annyira, mint az emberek?

Válaszok:

1. Abban, hogy van egy harmadik szemhéjuk is a szemük sarkában, ami oldal irányban mozog.

2. Az, hogy az emberek szagmintájára érzékenyebben reagáltak, mint a kutyákéra.

3. Az, hogy 150 szót és mozdulatot képesek megtanulni.

4. Asétálás közben felszedett baktériumoktól.

5. Nem olyan jól, mint a macskák, de jobban, mint az emberek.

6. Az orrlenyomatuk alapján.

7. Valószínűleg álmodnak, de ez nem 100%-ig biztos.

8. Melegíti őket, de nyáron meg is védi a melegtől és a nap káros sugárzásától.

9. Egyes hangokat és az üzenet érzelmi hangulatát.

10. Mert csak a mancsukon vannak izzadságmirigyek.

Therapy dogs are motivating kids who have trouble reading to hit the books.

The Fletcher Library in Hendersonville, North Carolina, is home to a program which allows kids to read to therapy dogs, according to the Associated Press. Every week, a child can schedule an appointment at the library to read to one of the pups from Therapy Dogs International. The initiative provides a safe space where children who have difficulty reading or those with learning disabilities or anxiety disorders can exercise their reading skills.

“They bring this calmness and this peace to the children,” Michelle Sheppard, whose 8-year-old daughter, Adriana, participates in the program, told the Associated Press. “It’s just amazing. Just a short amount of time has such an impact in those moments that they share.”

The program began last October when Rachelle Sher offered her therapy dog’s services to the library. The library assistant, Elizabeth Klontz, implemented the program in hopes it would get children who struggle with reading to gain confidence in their abilities.

Therapy Dogs International explains that many children who have difficulty reading may be afraid of the judgment they receive while practicing the skill. But a reading program involving a dog as a listener has the potential to change that.

“They are often self-conscious when reading aloud in front of other classmates,” the organization’s website notes. “By sitting down next to a dog and reading to the dog, all threats of being judged are put aside. The child relaxes, pats the attentive dog and focuses on the reading.”

Since the initiative’s introduction at Fletcher Library, many of the the young readers say they feel comfortable and driven with their reading pal. The Associated Press reported that Adriana missed so much last year due to chronic migraines, that her mom decided to start home-schooling her. The child said she enjoys reading to therapy pup Springer, who’s a patient listener.

“Being with him, it’s like reading to a friend,” the 8-year-old told the Associated Press.

Similar programs have proven successful elsewhere.

The Reading Paws program, for example, pairs elementary school children with a therapy dog in an effort to help them improve their literacy skills.

“I thought reading was the hardest thing in the world,” Jordan Piper, a Reading Paws participant said back in 2012 of his experience prior to starting the program. “[The therapy dog] helped me sound out hard words and motivated me. He never barked.”

Another program Paws to Read in Alexandria, Virginia, offers children with learning disabilities or children who are learning English, the opportunity to practice reading to dogs in a judgment-free environment. The children told the Washington Post in 2012 that they don’t feel self-conscious around them.

“If you’re reading aloud in school to a whole class, you might be nervous,” Sean Sullivan, a then-8-year-old told the Washington Post. “But the dogs are really here to listen.”

Find the definitions of the following expressions, please.

1.    a person who is very motivated and determined to do something

2.    an effect on something or someone

3.    your ability to read and write

4.    possibility

5.    a warning that something violent or unpleasant will happen

6.    great, awesome

7.    to have a very hard time with something

8.    happening before something

9.    someone who is kind and able to wait without getting angry

10.  a person who takes part in something

11.  to start using a theory or system in action

12.  nervous or uncomfortable because of other people

13.  being able to complete what you’ve wanted to

Key:

1.    driven

2.    impact

3.    literacy skill

4.    opportunity

5.    threat

6.    amazing

7.    struggle

8.    prior to

9.    patient

10.  participant

11.  implement

12.  self-conscious

13.  successful