Przewalski’s horses have returned to the steppes of Kazakhstan after nearly 200 years, part of an ambitious scheme to reintroduce the world’s last wild horses to their original habitats.

The endangered sandy brown horses once roamed across Central Asia. They were named after Russian geographer Nikolai Przewalski who discovered them in the late 19th century, by which time their range had been reduced to only one part of western Mongolia.

Now, the Prague Zoo in the Czech Republic, which manages the studbook for the species, wants to begin returning them to the Altyn Dala, or Golden Steppe, region of central Kazakhstan, a vast area of grassland and wetlands covering some 7,000 square kilometres (2,700 square miles).

In early June, the first group of seven arrived. Around another 40 are planned for the next five years.

“These are the first wild horses which have touched soil in the steppes of central Kazakhstan in hundreds of years,” said Prague Zoo director Miroslav Bobek.

“We still have a long way to go, but this was a historic moment.”

Czech army planes transported the horses – a stallion and six mares – on flights from Prague and Berlin to the Kazakh city of Arkalyk, from where they travelled seven hours by truck, accompanied by zoo keepers.

The horses will stay in an acclimatisation enclosure for a year to learn to find water and food during the steppe’s harsh winters.

Przewalski’s horses had disappeared from the wild by the end of the 1960s, but remained in captivity. They have already been reintroduced in China and western Mongolia, where the population now numbers 850.

In Kazakhstan, the reintroduction is part of conservation efforts – the horses eat a wide variety of grasses, in turn spreading seeds.

“It is quite important to have these wild horses,” said Albert Salemgareyev, lead specialist for the Association for the Conversation of Biodiversity in Kazakhstan.

source: Reuters

Pick the best possible way to fill in the gaps in the sentences.

Przewalski’s horses ….. the steppes of Kazakhstan after nearly 200 years.
A) have disappeared from
B) have come back to
C) have made their way out of

By the late 19th century their range ….. only one part of western Mongolia.
A) had been escalating
B) had doubled
C) had shrunk to 

In early June, the first group of seven arrived. Around another 40 …… .
A) are going to get here for the next half decade.
B) are planned to be transported here for the next decade.
C) are planning to be adopted in the next fifteen years.

A stallion and six mares …….
A) made a seven-hour truck ride, accompanied by zoo workers.
B) flew directly from Prague to Arkalyk.
C) were transported by Czech army planes for seven hours.

By the end of the 1960s, Przewalski’s horses …….
A) had vanished from the wild, but remained in captivity.
B) had appeared in the wild, but were kept in captivity.
C) had become extinct.

key: I. 1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.A; 5.A