Background

John Michael “Ozzy” Osbourne was born on 3 December 1948 in England. His mother, Lilian worked at a factory and his father, John Thomas (Jack) was a toolmaker at the General Electric Company.

Osbourne was the fourth of six children – with three older sisters and two younger brothers. The family were poor and lived in a small two-bedroom home in Birmingham.  

Osbourne dealt with dyslexia and abuse at school. He left school early at 15 and was employed in a few roles such as a labourer, toolmaker, and even a slaughterhouse worker. After getting into petty crime, he spent six weeks in prison when he was unable to pay a fine after being convicted of burgling a clothes shop.

Interested in drama he took part in school plays and got into music after hearing the Beatles and names their song She Loves You for inspiring him to become a musician.

Music Career

In 1968 Osbourne teamed with other musicians to form a band named Earth, they changed the name after another band was using the same and so Black Sabbath were formed. The band had a loud, ominous amplified sound and often referenced Gothic influences and the occult in its lyrics. They released their first album in 1970 and quickly gained a fan following across the UK and the USA. They continued to release albums through the mid-1970s. After a tour in 1978 Ozzy left, and went through a difficult time with his then marriage and drug dependency before meeting and marrying Sharon Arden who encouraged his solo career.

His first solo album Blizzard of Ozz in 1980 was a huge success and went multi-platinum and included the single Crazy Train. The next album was Diary of a Madman in 1981 which sold millions. The tour for this album was the famous one where Ozzy allegedly bit the head off a live bat thinking that it was actually a rubber toy.

Throughout the 1980s, Osbourne continued with his angry rebellious image, building his public persona and he was often picked out by religious groups as an example of the negative impact of rock music on good society.

Despite time in rehab, Osbourne continued his success, with albums Bark at the Moon (1983), The Ultimate Sin (1986) and No Rest for the Wicked (1988) going multi-platinum. His sixth solo album No More Tears (1991) reached the Top 10. He won a Grammy Award for best metal performance for the song I Don’t Want to Change the World.

Despite announcing his retirement over the years, he continued recording. 

He organised the successful Ozzfest with Sharon, an annual summer music festival featuring heavy metal acts which began in 1996 and toured throughout the USA and parts of Europe.

By the end of the 1990s, Osbourne got back with the original members of Black Sabbath for a new album and tour, and in 1999 the band won a Grammy for best metal performance for the song Iron Man.

In 2007 he released the solo album Black Rain, followed by Scream (2010) and Ordinary Man (2020).  In 2013 Osbourne made the studio recording 13 with Black Sabbath after 35 years.

In 2020, Osbourne released his first solo album in almost ten years, Ordinary Man, which debuted at number three on the UK Albums Chart and 2022 saw the release of his thirteenth album Patient Number 9.

TV Show

In 2001 the popular reality television show, The Osbournes, which focused on the life of Ozzy and his family, premiered on MTV. The show ran until 2005, earning a Primetime Emmy and becoming one of MTV’s highest-rated shows ever.

Acting

Osbourne has starred in movies like Austin Powers Goldmember (2002) and the remake of Ghostbusters (2016).  

Personal Life

In 1971, Osbourne met his first wife Thelma and children Jessica, and Louis were later born.

Osbourne married his manager Sharon Arden in 1982 and the couple had three children together, Aimee, Kelly, and Jack. They were married for over 40 years and the family lived between their Buckinghamshire mansion and a home in Los Angeles.

Osbourne suffered health issues over the years and was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease in 2019. It was well-reported that he misused alcohol and drugs for much of his life, but he managed to remain sober for extended periods in recent years.

The heavy metal star reunited with his Black Sabbath bandmates on stage at Villa Park earlier in July. Just three weeks after the farewell concert Ozzy died peacefully on 22 July, 2025, surrounded by his family.

Hollywood star Michael Madsen dies after being ‘found unresponsive at home’. The Kill Bill and Reservoir Dogs actor was aged 67.

The actor was found in his Malibu home on Thursday morning. His manager confirmed he had died from cardiac arrest.

He was expected to be involved in a number of upcoming movies, too. The star’s representatives said the actor had spent the last two years working on independent films. They included feature films such as Resurrection Road, Concessions, and Cookbook for Southern Housewives.

In a statement, his publicist Liz Rodriguez and his managers Susan Ferris and Ron Smith said the star “was really looking forward to this next chapter in his life”.

His performance in Reservoir Dogs, which was a low-budget Tarantino production, earned him a place in film history. His role as Mr Blonde – a sadistic and trigger happy bad guy – earned him a place in the nomination list for the American Film Institute’s list of the all-time greatest movie villains.

Pope Francis (88), the leader of the Catholic Church has died today. 

Pope Francis was born on December 17, 1936, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. His birth name was Jorge Mario Bergoglio. Before becoming Pope, he was a Cardinal in Argentina. He worked very closely with people in his community and was known for his humble lifestyle.

On March 13, 2013, he was chosen as Pope and decided to take the name Francis in honor of Saint Francis of Assisi, who is famous for his love of nature and the poor. Pope Francis was the first Pope from the Americas and the first Jesuit to become Pope. Jesuits are a religious group known for their focus on education and missionary work. They are often involved in teaching and helping communities around the world.

Pope Francis was also the first Pope named Francis. He was known for being very different from previous Popes in some ways. For example, he chose not to live in the grand papal apartments in the Vatican. Instead, he lived in a simpler guesthouse called the Domus Sanctae Marthae.

Pope Francis was very popular for his open and compassionate approach. He talked a lot about social issues, like poverty and climate change. He encouraged people to care for the environment and help those who are less fortunate.

He wanted the Church to be closer to people, especially those who are suffering. He often spoke about mercy, love, and understanding. He believed the Church should be a place for everyone, no matter their background.

Another important thing about Pope Francis was his focus on dialogue between different religions. He often met with leaders from other faiths to promote peace and understanding. He believed it is essential for people of all religions to work together to make the world a better place.

Pope Francis was also known for his accessibility. He often spoke directly to people and used social media to connect with them.

His friendly manner and dedication to social issues made him a respected and admired leader worldwide. May he rest in peace.

Legendary Hollywood actor Gene Hackman has been found dead in his Santa Fe, New Mexico home alongside his wife, classical pianist Betsy Arakawa, according to the Santa Fe New Mexican, citing police.

Santa Fe County police discovered the body of the two-time Oscar winner, 95, and 63-year-old Arakawa — his wife of 34 years and their dog — on Wednesday afternoon.

No foul play is suspected and no cause of death has been announced.

Santa Fe County Sheriff Adan Mendoza confirmed the news on Thursday.

Hackman was one of the most accomplished actors of all time, thanks to star turns in “The French Connection,” “Bonnie and Clyde” and “The Royal Tenenbaums.”

The actor’s prolific resume includes two Oscars, three Golden Globes and the Cecil B. DeMille Award, bestowed in 2003.

Hackman remembers his father, Eugene, saying goodbye to the family with the wave of a hand when he was 13.

The two-time Oscar winner is known for his role in 1971’s “The French Connection.”Ron Galella Collection via Getty Images

“I hadn’t realized how much one small gesture can mean,” Hackman told GQ in 2011. “Maybe that’s why I became an actor.”

Hackman joined the Marines at 16, serving four-and-a half years in China, Japan, and Hawaii, before seeking a degree in journalism and television production at the University of Illinois.

He abandoned those plans to pursue a serious acting career, enrolling at 27 in the Pasadena Playhouse in California, where he met 19-year-old Dustin Hoffman.

“There was something about him that — like he had a secret. You just knew he was going to do something,” Hackman recalled to Vanity Fair in 2004.

They formed a tight-knit group with Robert Duvall and tried to launch their careers in NYC.

source: NY Post

Queen Elizabeth II the Record Breaking Monarch

Britain’s Queen set up a new record on 9^th September 2015. The longest reigning queen so far had been Queen Victoria – Elizabeth’s great-great grandmother. She reigned from 1837 to 1901 for 63 years, 226 days, 16 hours and 13 minutes. Pretty long time, isn’t it? But her great-great granddaughter has been reigning even longer. Whether Elizabeth II expected to spend such a long period of time on the throne of Britain, we don’t know. She became queen when she was 25 years old. Now she is 89 years old and is looking forward to celebrating her 90^th birthday next April. A whole nation will celebrate together with her and make her big day even more memorable.

Some facts about Queen Elizabeth II: She was born on 21^st April, 1926. She doesn’t have a surname, but has three first names instead. Her full name is Elizabeth Alexandra Mary. She was named Elizabeth after her mother, Alexandra after her paternal great-grandmother and Mary after her paternal grandmother. Her parents are Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother and George VI. Her husband is Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. They got married in 1947. She’s got four children: Charles, Prince of Wales, Anne, Princess Royal, Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex and Prince Andrew, Duke of York. She has eight grandchildren and five great-grandchildren among them Britain’s favourites, George and Charlotte, Prince and Princess of Cambridge. Her Majesty is the Head of State of the UK and 15 other Commonwealth realms.

The Queen was born at 17 Bruton Street in Mayfair, London in a house which was destroyed by a World War II bomb and was never rebuilt. She was the first child of The Duke and Duchess of York, who later became King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. At the time she stood third in line of succession to the throne after Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Edward VIII), and her father, The Duke of York. But it was not expected that her father would become King, or that she would become Queen. In 1930 her sister, Margaret was born and the family of four lived a quiet family life until her grandfather, King George V, died. His eldest son came to the throne as King Edward VIII, but, before the end of the year, King Edward VIII had decided to give up the throne in order to marry the woman he loved, Mrs Wallis Simpson. Upon his abdication, Princess Elizabeth’s father acceded to the throne as King George VI, and in 1937 the two Princesses attended their parents’ coronation in Westminster Abbey.

Her Majesty never went to school. First she was educated at home, later professors of the famous Eton College came to teach her in Buckingham Palace. Princess Elizabeth studied art and music, learned to ride, became a strong swimmer and she speaks excellent French.

On Wednesday, 6 February 1952, Princess Elizabeth received the news of her father’s death and her own accession to the throne, while staying in Kenya. The tour had to be abandoned, and the young Princess flew back to Britain as Queen. She was greeted by Prime Minister Winston Churchill and other officials at the airport. The Coronation took place in Westminster Abbey on 2 June 1953. Crowds of people viewed the procession all along the route, despite heavy rain. The ceremony was also broadcast on radio around the world and, at The Queen’s request, on television for the first time.

You would imagine a queen’s life to be all splendour and no duty and responsibility, but the opposite is true. The Queen’s life is full of responsibilities and it’s quite hard work. She’s got public duties, such as ceremonies, receptions and visits within the United Kingdom or abroad. Other duties include reading letters from the public, official papers and briefing notes; audiences with political ministers or ambassadors.

The Queen’s working day begins like many people’s – at her desk. After scanning the daily British newspapers, she reviews her correspondence. Every day about 200-300 letters arrive from the public. She chooses a selection to read herself and tells members of her staff how she would like them to be answered. A series of official meetings or audiences will often follow. The Queen will see a number of important people. In the afternoons she often goes out on public engagements and prepares for each visit by briefing herself on whom she will be meeting and what she will be seeing and doing. The Queen carries out around 430 engagements (including audiences) a year, to meet people, open events and buildings, unveil plaques and make speeches. The Queen’s working day doesn’t stop at the end of the afternoon. Early evening may see a meeting with the Prime Minister. She has a weekly meeting alone with the Prime Minister. This usually takes place on Wednesdays at 6.30 pm. No written record is made of these meetings; neither The Queen nor the Prime Minister talk about what’s discussed between them, as communication between them always remains confidential.

In what little free time Her Majesty has left she has many interests. She is a keen photographer and enjoys taking pictures of her family. She loves horses, horse races and dogs. During her reign she has owned more than 30 corgis starting with Susan, who was a present for her 18th birthday in 1944, and introduced a new breed – the dorgi (a corgi/daschund cross). Every dog of hers that died is buried in the garden of Sandringham Palace with a gravestone on the grave commemorating the beloved pet. She has around 25 horses in training each season and is an enthusiastic attendee of Royal Ascot. Her first pony, a Shetland called Peggy, was given to her by her grandfather King George V when she was 4 years old. She likes watching soap operas, her favourite is Coronation Street. She regularly invites the cast of Coronation Street to one of her parties and has already visited the studio the TV series is filmed in.

Other interesting facts about Queen Elizabeth II:

– She celebrated two birthdays each year: her actual birthday on 21 April and her official birthday on a Saturday in June.

– Madame Tussauds have exhibited 23 different waxworks of Her Majesty to date.

– Elizabeth II was believed to be the only monarch in British history who had been properly trained to change a flat tyre or a spark plug having served in the wartime ATS – Auxiliary Territorial Service – as 2nd Lieutenant Elizabeth Windsor.

– She sent her first email from an army base in 1976. The British Monarchy also have their own Facebook account, which features royal news, photos, videos and speeches but you aren’t allowed to ‘poke’ Her Majesty.

– The Queen sat for over 130 official portraits. Her first was in 1933 when she was just seven-years-old.

– The Queen was the only person in Britain who could drive without a license or number plate on her car.

– Elizabeth had 30 godchildren.

– She sent a message of congratulations to Apollo 11 astronauts for the first moon landing on July 21, 1969. The message was microfilmed and deposited on the moon in a metal container.

– She collected clothing coupons for her wedding dress, true to the spirit of post-war austerity.

– Despite having plenty of earrings to pick from, Queen Elizabeth II was very often seen wearing the same pair. The earrings known as Queen Mary’s Button Earrings, could be spotted on a countless number of images since she had ascended the throne.

– As monarch, Elizabeth legally owned all the thousands of swans that roam and wander around Britain’s waterways.

source: 5 Perc Angol Magazin, October, 2015 

Her father had been a British spy during World War Two. Her mother was the daughter of the German Nobel laureate, Max Born.

The family moved to Australia in 1954, where she was raised.

Her breakthrough came in 1971 when she released a Bob Dylan-penned track, If Not For You, which reached number seven in the UK charts and featured on an album of the same name.

She won four Grammy awards and scored seven US number one hits between 1974 and 1977.

In 1978 she became a global star with the release of Grease. The film was the biggest box-office hit of 1978, and gave Newton-John three hit singles, You’re The One That I Want, Hopelessly Devoted to You and Summer Nights as well as a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress.

It was a catalyst for change in both her image and her musical direction. She appeared on the cover of her next album, Totally Hot, dressed in black leather. It was her first US Top 10 album since 1975.

The follow-up, Physical, was her most overtly sexual record, and was hailed by many critics as her best album. The title track held the Billboard number one spot for 10 weeks.

Olivia Newton-John was first diagnosed with cancer in 1992 and went on to become a leading advocate for cancer research. Her charity, the Olivia Newton-John Foundation, has raised millions of pounds to support research.

In a statement, the hospital that runs the Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness and Research Centre in Melbourne – which was opened after the star’s campaigning – said she “encouraged, inspired and supported” staff and patients every day.

“We are incredibly grateful for the special relationship we had with Olivia for many years. Her generous support and gift provided hope and changed the lives of thousands of cancer patients… She was the light at the end of the tunnel for many, many people.”

In 2019, after being diagnosed with breast cancer for the third time, she was asked by CBS News how she coped.

“It was consuming my day and after a time I went ‘you know what’, I need to enjoy my life so I’m going to eat a cookie if I want it,” she said.

“Because the joy of life and everyday living has to be a part of that healing process as well. So I’ve chosen that path to be grateful and to feel good about things because the other side’s not so good.”

Her efforts in the field were recognised by Queen Elizabeth, who honoured her with a damehood in 2020 New Year’s Honours list.

She died peacefully at her California ranch surrounded by family and friends.

In a statement posted to her social media channels, Newton-John’s husband John Easterling said she had died on Monday as he hailed her as “a symbol of triumphs and hope for over 30 years sharing her journey with breast cancer”.

sources (articles; video): Olivia Newton-John: Tributes to Grease star and singer dies aged 73, BBC; Obituary: Olivia Newton-John, BBC; Olivia Newton-John Dead at 73, Entertainment Tonight, Youtube

Nelson Mandela, who has died at the age of 95, was one of the world’s most revered statesmen. The former president and freedom fighter led the struggle to replace the apartheid regime of South Africa with a multi-racial democracy.

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela,often also called by his Xhosa clan name Madiba, was born on 18 July 1918 in the village of Mvezo in Umtatu in South Africa’s Cape Province of the time. His birth name Rolihlahla means “troublemaker” in his native language, and as a kind of prophecy, he did stir quite some trouble while fighting against apartheid and for equal rights and peace throughout his life.

He comes from a royal Thembu family, a cadet branch who provided court councilors to the Thembu king. He was educated by missionaries who gave him his Christian name, Nelson. Later he studied law at Fort Hare University and the University of Witwatersrand. He first became politically active while living in Johannesburg and was influenced by anti-colonial politics. After joining the ANC (African National Congress) he took part in founding its Youth League, and eventually became the president of the Transvaal ANC Branch after the 1952 Defiance Campaign against the spread of apartheid policies implemented more and more by the Afrikaner nationalists of the National Party that come to power in 1948. His long line of anti-apartheid struggles, though he primarily supported non-violent methods of protest, saw him repeatedly arrested on charges of treason. Eventually he was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1962, one year after co-founding the militant Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) in association with the South African Communist Party, which targeted the government through a bombing campaign. He had served 27 years in prison before being released in 1990 as a result of an international campaign lobbying for the termination of his sentence.

He became the president of the ANC and led negotiations with President F.W. de Klerk to abolish apartheid and establish multi-racial elections, which he won and became the President of South Africa in 1994. Mandela became the first black South African to hold the office, forming a Government of National Unity, establishing a new constitution, fighting institutionalized racism, poverty and inequality, introducing policies for the development of land reform and healthcare services. He declined to run for second term and focused on charitable work through the Nelson Mandela Foundation, fighting poverty and HIV/AIDS.

Mandela also gained international recognition through his involvement in the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial as a mediator between Libya and the United Kingdom, and for overseeing the military intervention in Lesotho, while he also acted as the Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement 1998-1999. He received over 250 awards for his endeavors and achievements, including a Nobel Peace Prize in 1993, the US Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Soviet Order of Lenin.

For South Africans he is the “father of the nation”, for the rest of the world one of the most deeply respected figures of modern day history.

revered– nagyra becsült
statesman – államférfi
former – előző, korábbi
freedom fighter – szabadságharcos
apartheid – fajüldözés
prophecy – jóslat
to stir trouble – bajt keverni
equal rights – egyenlő jogok
royal – királyi
cadet branch – katonatiszti/kadét ágazat
to provide – nyújtani, biztosítani, ellátni
court councilor – udvari tanácsos
to educate – tanítani, oktatni
missionary – misszionárius
to be influenced – befolyásolva lenni
to take part – résztvenni
to implement – létrehozni, végrehajtani, megvalósítani
to come to power – hatalomra kerülni
non-violent  method – erőszakmentes módszer
protest – tiltakozás
repeatedly – ismételten
to arrest – letartóztatni
charge – vád
treason – árulás
to sentenced to – ítélni (bünt.)
life imprisonment – életfogytiglani börtönbüntetés
in association with – valakivel társulva
to target – (meg)célozni, célba venni
to serve in prison – (le)tölteni börtönbüntetést
to release – elengedni, szabadon engedni
as a result of – valaminek eredményeként
to abolish – eltötölni, megszüntetni
to establish – létrehozni, alapítani
constitution – alkotmány
institutionalized racism – intézményesített rasszizmus
poverty – szegénység
inequality – egyenlőtlenség
land reform – földreform
healthcare services – egészségügyi szolgáltatások
to decline – elutasítani, elhárítani
to focus on – összpontosítani valamire
charitable work – jótékonykodás
to gain international recognition – nemzetközi elismerést nyerni
involvement – részvállalás
mediator – közvetítő, közbenjáró
to oversee – felügyelni
military intervention – katonai beavatkozás
endeavor – törekvés, erőfeszítés
achievement – teljesítmény
respected – tisztelt

Margaret Thatcher was born Margaret Roberts in Grantham, a small town in Lincolnshire, in 1925. She was the daughter of Alf Roberts, a shopkeeper. It was from her parents that she learned the value of hard work and the importance of business and self-reliance.  In 1947 she graduated from Oxford University with a degree in Chemistry. While at Oxford she was the president of the Conservative society. This was the beginning of her interest in politics. She married Denis Thatcher in 1951 and they had two children Carol and Mark. In 1953 she qualified as a lawyer specialising in taxation. Her husband was a successful business man and was very important in funding her political career.

Her political career really began when she was elected to the safe Conservative seat of Finchley, in 1959. So began one of the most famous political careers in politics. In 1970 the Conservatives won an election under Ted Heath, and Margaret was chosen to become Education Secretary. In 1974 the Conservatives lost the general election, and the following year Thatcher became the leader of her party. In 1979 she won the general election and became the first and only Woman Prime Minister of her country.

The Downing Street Years

She was Prime Minister of Britain from 1979 to 1990. She won three consecutive elections and was one of the most successful leaders in British history. During this time she radically changed the face of politics in Great Britain. Her political philosophy, called “Thatcherism”, was built on 3 important beliefs: less government, lower taxes and more freedom for business and people. She believed that people should do things for themselves and not wait for the government to help them. She believed strongly in supporting business and helping them to succeed through less interference and lower taxes. (Well, her father was a shopkeeper.) Like her hero Churchill, she believed that Britain should be great and that Europe should not be trusted. It became her mission to make Britain great again.

The Falklands War

In 1982 the Falkland Islands were invaded by Argentina. Argentina was ruled by a corrupt leader, called General Galtieri. Where many believed diplomacy to be the answer, including the United States, Thatcher decided to go to war. This decision was her greatest political challenge, and she believed that not to go to war was a sign of weakness, and that she had been given no choice. She felt the weight of history on her shoulders and the ghost of Churchill at her ear. The lady was not for turning, no surrender, no matter what the cost. After a short and brutal campaign, Britain won the war with very few causalities. The truth was the Argentinean soldiers had no stomach for the war. It also helped her very unpopular government win the election in 1983.

The Unions

Thatcher had a mission to destroy the unions. She blamed them for Britain’s economic decline. In 1984, there was a dispute between the coalminers union and the government over job losses and mine closures. The dispute became a war between miners’ leader Arthur Scargill and Thatcher. After a year on strike, the miners lost. Thatcher then started a process to close down the majority of coal mines in Britain, even those that were profitable. Many saw it as an act of revenge, but it also allowed Thatcher send out a strong message to all the unions. This victory allowed her to control the unions and bring in privatisation.

The Brighton Bomb

In 1984 Thatcher was nearly killed by an I.R.A bomb, which blew up in the hotel she was staying at in Brighton. The bomb killed 5 people, who were attending the Conservative party conference in the seaside town. It was one of the few times that the Iron Lady was shaken. In 1985 she signed the Anglo Irish agreement, which would eventually lead to peace in Ireland. It was one of the few times she ever backed down. She realised she could never beat the Irish Republican Army. She also understood the economic damage they could inflict on the city of London. In 1993 a bomb at Bishopsgate, in the heart of London, caused 1 billion pounds of damage. The car bomb that caused the damage cost just £400 to make. Nobody died.

Resignation

In 1990 Margaret Thatcher resigned as Prime Minister. She had tried to bring in a Poll tax on every adult in the U.K. which would mean everybody paying the same tax from students to the very wealthy. It was seen as a very unfair tax and led to riots. She became extremely unpopular within the country and most importantly in her own party. The party and the country knew she had to go and she was eventually deposed.

to divide opinion– megosztja a közvéleményt
decade – évtized
reformer – reformátor, újító
to destroy – tönkretesz, lerombol
value of – valaminek az értéke
importance of – valaminek a fontossága
self-reliance – önbizalom, onmagára támaszkodás
to qualify as – képesítést szerez, mint …
to specialise in – valamire szakosodik
taxation – adózás
to be elected – megválasztva lenni
to win an election – megnyerni egy választást
Education Secretary – Oktatási Miniszter
general election – országgyűlési választás
three consecutive – három egymást követő
belief – hit
government – kormány
lower taxes – alacsonyabb adók
to believe strongly – szilárdan hinni valamiben
to succeed  – sikerül valamit csinálnia
interference – beavatkozás, közbeszólás
to be trusted – megbíznak benne
mission – küldetés
to be invaded by – megszállva lenni
to decide to do something – elhatároz valamit
to go to war – háborúba megy
challenge – kihívás
weakness – gyengeség
choice – választás
to surrender – megadja magát
no matter what – nem számít, mindegy
causalty – haláleset, sérülés
to have no stomach for – nincs gyomra valamihez
unpopular – népszerűtlen
to blame somebody for  – valakit hibáztat valamiért
economic decline – gazdasági hanyatlás
dispute – veszekedés, vita
coalminers’ union – bányászok szakszervezete
job loss – munka elvesztése
mine closure – bánya bezárás
process – folyamat
profitable – gyümölcsöző, hasznos, előnyös
revenge – bosszú

to allow– megenged
victory – győzelem
to attend– részt vesz valamin
agreement – megegyezés
to back down – visszahúzódik
to inflict on  – okoz valakinek
to resign – lemond
poll tax – fejadó
wealthy – vagyonos, gazdag
riot – lázadás
to depose – lemondat