– months, seasons (hónapok, évszakok): in January, in winter

– years, decades, centuries (évek, évtizedek, évszázadok): in 2015, in the 1990s, in the 21st century

– periods of the day (napszakok): in the morning, in the evening, in the afternoon

 De: at night

– after a certain period (bizonyos idő múlva): in two hours, in a few minutes – két óra múlva, néhány perc múlva

– in the Easter holiday, in the Christmas holiday

És: in a car, in a taxi, in a helicopter, in a boat, in a lift, in the newspaper, in the sky, in Downing Street, in a row

On

– days of the week (a hét napjai): on Sunday, on Tuesday, on Saturday morning, on Thursday night, on a Sunday morning

– calendar dates (dátumok): on 15th, on 15th September, on 15th September 2015

– special days (különleges napok): on my birthday, on our wedding anniversary, on Easter Monday, on Christmas Day

– on a cold day

És: on a bus, on a train, on a plane, on a ship, on a bicycle, on a motorbike, on a horse, on an elephant, on the radio, on television, on the left, on the right, on the way 

At

– night: at night

– weekend: at the weekend

 De mondhatjuk így is: on the weekend

– expressing exact time (óra kifejezése): at 8 o’clock, at 19.30

– at Christmas, at Easter

– at noon, at midnight

– at lunch time, at dinner

– at that time

És: at home, at work, at school, at university, at college, at the top, at the bottom, at the side, at reception

In? On? At? Fordítsd le a kifejezéseket!

1. Húsvét hétfőn
2.  3 óra múlva
3. karácsonykor
4. a huszonegyedik században
5. a rádióban
6. éjszaka
7. balra
8. délben
9. az égen
10. a születésnapomon

Megoldás:

1. on Easter Monday
2. in three hours
3. at Christmas
4. in the 21st century
5. on the radio
6. at night
7. on the left
8. at noon
9. in the sky
10. on my birthday

INTERAKTÍV KVÍZ

Nyelvtani magyarázat

PREPOSITIONS OF TIME

Nézzük, hogy milyen prepozíciókat kell használni, amikor időről beszélünk!

ON          IN          AT

AT:  az idő (óra) kifejezésére használjuk, illetve minden olyan időegységre, ami kisebb, mint egy nap (kivéve reggel, délután, este – lásd később) – például: at 3 o’clock, at 10:30am, at noon, at dinnertime, at bedtime, at sunrise, at sunset, at the moment

ON: akkor használjuk, amikor napokról beszélünk (nem csak a hét napjaival, hanem mindennel, ami egy napra vonatkozik, pl. dátumok, születésnapok, évfordulók, stb.) – például: om Friday, on 6th of March, on Christmas Day, on my birthday, on New Year’s Eve

IN: olyan egységekkel használjuk, amelyek nagyobbak, mint egy nap (hét, hónap, év, stb.) – például: in June, in winter, in the summer, in 1990, in the 1980s, in the last century, in the Middle Ages, in the past

de napszakoknál is használjuk

IN the morning(s) – reggel(ente); délelőtt(önként)

IN the afternoon(s) – délután(onként)

IN the evening(s) – esté(nként)

Van még két szó, amit kérlek, hogy jegyezz meg az idővel kapcsolatban:

FROM …TO

Például:  from 9 to 5 (kilenctől ötig), from Monday to Friday (hétfőtől péntekig), stb.

A következő standard, rögzült kifejezések is rendhagyóak (mert AT prepozíciót használunk velük függetlenül attól, hogy milyen hosszú időszakra vonatkoznak):

AT night – éjjel

AT the weekend – hétvégén (szombat és vasárnap)

AT Christmas – karácsonykor (december 24-26)

AT Easter – húsvétkor (húsvét vasárnap és hétfő)

AT the same time – ugyanakkor

AT present – jelenleg

Ha kombinálod a napszakot a nap nevével (pl. szombat reggel), akkor a nagyobb győz, tehát a napra vonatkozó prepozíció lesz a nyerő, tehát ON:

ON Sunday morning,

ON Friday afternoon

Amikor a következő szavakat használod, akkor sose használj prepozíciót:

LAST                   THIS                    NEXT                   EVERY

last … utolsó, legutolsó

last week, last year

this … ez

this week; this year

next …következő

next Monday; next month

every … minden

every day

every month

valamint náluk sem használunk prepozíciót:

tonight, today, tomorrow, yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening

1. Can you do this ….. a week?

2. We can meet …. Sunday morning.

3. Mary was waiting for me ….. the bus stop.

4. Why don’t you finish your homework …. the afternoon?

5. The movie starts ….. 5 o’clock.

6. You left your phone ….. the table.

II. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions of place.

1. There are four people and a dog …. in the picture

2. I saw a handsome man sitting …. the bar.

3. I was here first. Can you please stand ….. me?

4. The knife comes ….. the spoon and the plate.

5. Are you …. the kitchen? Can you brew me a coffee?

6. I love being …. the beach with a good book and an iced coffee.

III. Find the best solution.

1. What are you planning to do AT / ON your anniversary?

2. On Christmas Day, there were many presents UNDER / BETWEEN the tree.

3. Will you come AT / INTO the sitting room?

4. I can see a limousine IN / ON the picture.

5. We live ON / IN Wimbledon.

6. Munich lies 530 meters ACROSS / ABOVE sea level.

Key:

I. 1-in, 2-on, 3-at, 4-in, 5-at, 6-on

P { margin-bottom: 0.08in; }

II. 1-in, 2-at, 3-behind, 4-between, 5-in, 6-on

III. 1-on, 2-under, 3-into, 4-in, 5-in, 6-above

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I’m at the bus stop.	There is no water in the swimming pool.	I’m on the beach.
A buszmegállóban vagyok.	Nincs víz a medencében.	A strandon vagyok.

Angolban a prepozíciókat két részre lehet osztani: prepositions of place és prepositions of time, azaz helyhatározóként és időhatározóként funkcionáló prepozíciók. 

A prepozícióknak az angolban nagyon sokféle jelentése és funkciója lehet, és igazán tisztán nem is lehet körvonalazni egyiknek sem a jelentését. Összegyűjtöttem egy táblázatba a leggyakoribb angol prepozíciókat, hely- és időhatározókat a használatukkal, és mindegyikhez írtam egy-egy példamondatot és megadtam a  magyar fordításukat is. 

Prepositions practice test

1. Mick congratulated me ……………….. passing my driving test.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

2. Mary didn’t know that her neighbour was accused ……………….. robbery.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

3. I’ll never forgive you ……………….. what you did to Mom!

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

4. The exam consists ……………….. 4 parts.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

5. The gang tried to blame the assault ……………….. the homeless living in the park.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

6. I’m truly sorry. I need to apologise to John ……………….. my behaviour.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

7. It’s possible that Napoleon died ……………….. poisoning.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

8. I hate working with people you can’t rely ……………….. .

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on
 

9. Armies are supposed to protect the country ……………….. enemies.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

10. You must eat some fruit! You can’t live ……………….. noodles and curry.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

11. Some politicians are suspected ……………….. being blackmailed.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

12. These days more and more people suffer ……………….. diabetes.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

13. We realised that nobody had paid ……………….. the meal after leaving the restaurant.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

14. I cannot thank you enough ……………….. being so generous.

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

15. You can’t depend ……………….. benefits all your life. You must find work soon!

a) of
b) from
c) for
d) on

answers: 1-d 2-a 3-c 4-a 5-d 6-c 7-a 8-d 9-b 10-d 11-a 12-b 13-c 14-c 15-d

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Noun + preposition

1. This is a picture ……………….. my grandmother when she was young.

a) about
b) of
c) on

2. There is no connection ……………….. the two robberies.

a) between
b) with
c) to

3. We can expect an increase ……………….. petrol prices.

a) to
b) of
c) in

4. What are the disadvantages ……………….. buying a used car?

a) to
b) of
c) on

5. The competition was cancelled, but nobody knew the reason ……………….. this decision.

a) for
b) to
c) of

6. Did you know the answer ……………….. all the questions?

a) of
b) for
c) to

7. What could be the solution ……………….. Mary’s problem?

a) of
b) to
c) for

8. Before Christmas there is a high demand ……………….. digital cameras.

a) for
b) of
c) in

9. Katie was upset because she hadn’t received an invitation ……………….. the wedding.

a) for
b) to
c) at

10. The boys’ relationship ……………….. their classmates has deteriorated.

a) to
b) between
c) with

11. I don’t think we should hire Luke. His attitude ……………….. learning is negative.

a) of
b) to
c) at

12. The police never found out the cause ……………….. the fire.

a) of
b) for
c) about

13. This is embarrassing. I’ve lost the key ……………….. my hotel room.

a) for
b) to
c) on

14. The old lady’s reaction ……………….. the news was shocking.

a) at
b) for
c) to

15. This is my first time in London. I need a map ……………….. the underground.

a) of
b) to
c) about

answers: 1-b 2-a 3-c 4-b 5-a 6-c 7-b 8-a 9-b 10-c 11-b 12-a 13-b 14-c 15-a

2. I went to bed early but I was not tired. I read a book ….. 3 a.m.
A: to
B: until
C: by
D: at
E: in

3. John has been in hospital ….. three days.
A: at
B: since
C: for
D: to
E: on

4. Are you busy ….. the moment?
A: on
B: in
C: to
D: at
E: before

5. Everybody was very nervous the day ….. the examination.
A: to
B: on
C: in
D: untill
E: before

6. Do not forget to close the windows ….. you go out.
A: before
B: after
C: on
D: in
E: to

7. He was so tired that he fell asleep ….. the film.
A: by
B: during
C: on
D: since
E: for

8. We were so angry that we did not speak ….. lunchtime.
A: in
B: on
C: during
D: for
E: to

9. Where is Sally? She should be here ….. now.
A: on
B: in
C: to
D: by
E: since

10. I’ll be working ….. 11.30.
A: in
B: on
C: since
D: for
E: until

11. We often have a short holiday ….. Christmas.
A: at
B: in
C: on
D: by
E: about

12. There were many wars ruining much of Europe ….. the Middle Ages.
A: on
B: at
C: in

D: since
E: for

13. He learned to drive ….. eight weeks.
A: on
B: until
C: to
D: at
E: in

14. We always go on a short holiday ….. the beginning of January.
A: at
B: on
C: to
D: in
E: since

15. We had a lot of problems with our car. ….. the end we sold it and bought another.
A: On
B: At
C: By
D: Till
E: In

16. The train was late this morning but it is usually ….. time.
A: on
B: in
C: at
D: for
E: since

17. I like to get up ….. time to have breakfast before going to work.
A: on
B: in
C: at
D: till
E: by

18. I nearly forgot that it was my wife’s birthday. Fortunately I remembered ….. time.
A: on
B: by
C: at
D: until
E: in

19. I normally get paid ….. the end of the month.
A: in
B: on
C: for
D: at
E: since

20. We waited ages for a taxi. We gave up ….. the end and went home on foot.
A: on
B: at
C: in
D: for
E: until

Megoldások
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.E
6.A 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.E
11.A 12.C 13.E 14.A 15.E
16.A 17.B 18.E 19.D 20.C

2. Did you hear the rain ….. the night?
A: at
B: in
C: by
D: –
E: on

3. She is still a student ….. the moment.
A: in
B: on
C: by
D: at
E: to

4. We nearly missed the plane. We got to the airport just ….. time.
A: at
B: by
C: –
D: to
E: in

5. What is ….. TV this evening.
A: in
B: at
C: on
D: by
E: from

6. Come here ….. once.
A: in
B: on
C: at
D: by
E: to

7. We are pleased you are here ….. last.
A: in
B: on
C: at
D: –
E: from

8. We never have to work ….. night.
A: to
B: in
C: at
D:  on
E: –

9. We will be back ….. about an hour.
A: –
B: in
C: on
D: to
E: from

10. Why don’t you ever come to work ….. time.
A: in
B: on
C: at
D: by
E: –

11. There were only a few guests ….. the wedding.
A: on
B: at
C: in
D: by
E: –

12. We walked ….. south for a few more kilometers.
A: in
B: –
C: by
D: to
E: at

13. It was great to get ….. home again after that terrible journey.
A: in
B: on
C: at
D: –
E: from

14. I was going ….. shopping when I met him.
A: in
B: to
C: through
D: –
E: at

15. They have always lived ….. the tenth floor.
A: in
B: at
C: on
D: –
E: to

16. What time did you arrive ….. there?
A: to
B: –
C: in
D: at
E: by

17. There were a lot of climbers ….. the mountain.
A: on
B: in
C: –
D: through
E: over

18. How many flowers are there ….. the picture.
A: on
B: at
C: by
D: –
E: in

19. They spent a week skiing ….. the mountains.
A: on
B: by
C: at
D: –
E: in

20. She was standing there looking ….. the painting.
A: in
B: on
C: by
D: to
E: at

Megoldások
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.E 5.C
6.C 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.B
11.B 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.C
16.B 17.A 18.E 19.E 20.E

2. My father worked ….. home.
A: in
B: –
C: at
D: on
E: by

3. Peter sent me to buy some pills ….. the chemist’s.
A: at
B: with
C: on
D: by
E: next

4. What did you learn ….. school today.
A: in
B: on
C: from
D: at
E: around

5. There is an interesting picture ….. page seven.
A: on
B: in
C: at
D: under
E: up

6. There is nothing ….. my pocket.
A: on
B: under
C: from
D: by
E: in

7. Someone stopped ….. front of the house.
A: on
B: in
C: by
D: next
E: up

8. He lived ….. the third floor.
A: in
B: by
C: on
D: at
E: up to

9. Mount Everest is the highest mountain ….. the world.
A: on
B: at
C: up
D: by
E: in

10. There is a large back cloud ….. the sky.
A: on
B: at
C: upper
D: in
E: to

11. Do not go out ….. the rain.
A: in
B: on
C: by
D: to
E: for

12. They built a new factory ….. the west of England
A: from
B: in
C: on
D: at
E: about

13. I met my wife ….. a wedding.
A: in
B: on
C: at
D: by
E: about

14. We wanted to live and work ….. a farm.
A: in
B: at
C: next
D: to
E: on

15. My husband slept ….. another woman’s bed.
A: on
B: at
C: from
D: in
E: to

16. We stopped ….. the traffic lights.
A: at
B: on
C: in
D: by
E: from

17. He is not in the office. He is ….. a business trip.
A: in
B: at
C: to
D: by
E: on

18. ‘What is ….. the photograph.’ ‘There are two red cars.’
A: to
B: on
C: at
D: in
E: from

19. My wife does not like city life. She wants to go to live ….. the country.
A: on
B: at
C: in
D: to
E: by

20. There is nothing interesting ….. TV tonight.
A: in
B: on
C: by
D: inside
E: up

Megoldások:
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A
6.E 7.B 8.C 9.E 10.D
11.A 12.B 13.C 14.E 15.D
16.A 17.E 18.D 19.C 20.B

2. My brother is good ….. Italian cooking.
A: in
B: on
C: at
D: to
E: by

3. When Dave goes on holiday, he asks me to look ….. his houseplants.
A: for
B: in
C: into
D: up
E: after

4. The second policeman was killed ….. a knife.
A: by
B: with
C: in
D: on
E: within

5. We arrived ….. Victoria station at three.
A: on
B: in
C: into
D: at
E: by

6. They arrived ….. England on Friday.
A: on
B: in
C: by
D: into
E: for

7. He walked ….. the room from the kitchen.
A: on
B: onto
C: by
D: into
E: at

8. She was ….. the room.
A: in
B: on
C: at
D: by
E: into

9. I do not want to cook today. Let’s go out ….. dinner.
A: in
B: into
C: for
D: on
E: onto

10. He drove out ….. the garage, closed the door, and turned left.
A: for
B: by
C: on
D: of
E: in

11. Please switch ….. the television if you are not watching it.
A: in
B: off
C: down
D: on
E: up

12. They jumped ….. the car and ran to the station.
A: into
B: onto
C: out from
D: out to
E: out of

13. Peter is not at home. He is ….. all day today.
A: outside
B: inside
C: before
D: out
E: except

14. He fell ….. his horse and broke his leg.
A: in
B: on
C: by
D: onto
E: off

15. They fell ….. love the first day they met.
A: on
B: to
C: with
D: in
E: by

16. I am going to write a book ….. Prague.
A: about
B: around
C: around about
D: for
E: to

17. Can I get a drink ….. here?
A: for
B: near
C: since
D: to
E: up to

18. What can I do ….. you?
A: to
B: in
C: for
D: on
E: before

19. She was surprised ….. where he lived.
A: on
B: by
C: in
D: at
E: to

20. When we watch television ….. the kids we always vote on what to watch.
A: by
B: in
C: on
D: before
E: with

Megoldások
1.A 2.C 3.E 4.B 5.D
6.B 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.D
11.B 12.E 13.D 14.E 15.D
16.A 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.E