Sue: What’s wrong, Agnes? You look pale. Have you caught another cold?

Agnes: Oh, yes. This is the fourth time I’ve had a cold this year. I also had five colds between October and December last year. Basically I catch whatever’s going around.

Sue: Yes, you’ve been getting sick on a regular basis for the last year. You should start getting better care of yourself. How often do you sleep? You know, lack of sleep weakens immune system.

Agnes: I don’t get heaps of sleep. I’m the type of person who gets woken by noise quite easily and I can’t get back to sleep.

Sue: You need to sleep around eight hours a day in order to be in top shape. Do you take a lot of antibiotics?

Agnes: Yes, I was taking them for about a month up until two weeks ago.

Sue: A month? That’s a lot of antibiotics. No wonder your immune system is so weak. Did you at least take probiotics, too?

Agnes: No, I didn’t.

Sue: Well, if you want to restore your health you should eat yogurt which is rich in probiotics.

Agnes: That’s good to know, okay, I will.  What else shall I eat to keep myself healthy?

Sue: Well, you could try to eat sauerkraut, bell peppers, berries, green leafy vegetables as they are all rich in vitamin C which boosts immune system. You should also eat eggs, butter, liver products and fish as they contain vitamin A which helps your body fight illness and infection. Do you spend enough time outdoors?

Agnes: Unfortunately, I spend the majority of my time indoors.

Sue: Well, it’s no surprise your immune system is not doing so well. You should spend more time outdoors in the sunlight to get vitamin D. Just don’t forget to wear sunscreen, take zinc supplements as zinc is very protective against viruses. You had better also eat garlic as it can kill off viruses, bacteria, yeast, fungus, and mold. Finally try to avoid stress and exercise regularly.

Agnes: Thanks, Sue, I really need to make all these changes in my diet and lifestyle because I want my health back. I want to be in shape and enjoy life again.

sources: Cambridge Dictionary; Macmillan Dictionary; Stay Safe and Healthy – English Conversation, Easy English

Nyelvtani magyarázatok:

Simple Present (egyszerű jelen idő)

gyakoriság kifejezése:

How often do you sleep? – Milyen gyakran alszol?

I spend the majority of my time indoors. – Időm nagy részét bent töltöm.

szokásos cselekvések:

I don’t get heaps of sleep. I’m the type of person who gets woken by noise quite easily – Nem alszom sokat. Az a fajta ember vagyok, akit könnyen felébreszt a zaj.

Do you take a lot of antibiotics? – Sok antibiotikumot szedsz?

szabályok, igazságok:

lack of sleep weakens immune system – az alváshiány gyengíti az immunrendszert

they are all rich in vitamin C which boosts immune system – gazdagok C-vitaminban, ami erősíti az immunrendszert

zinc is very protective against viruses – a cink nagyon véd a vírusok ellen

vitamin A which helps your body fight illness and infection – A-vitamin, amely segít a szervezetnek a betegségekkel és fertőzésekkel szemben

Present Perfect Simple and Continuous (Egyszerű Befejezett Jelen és Folyamatos Befejezett Jelen)

You look pale. Have you caught another cold? – Sápadt vagy. Megint megfáztál?

(Magyarázatként kérdezem, hogy megint megfáztál? ami miatt most sápadtnak tűnsz.)

This is the fourth time I’ve had a cold this year. – Idén már negyedszer vagyok megfázva. –

(Amikor azt közöljük, valami hányszor történt már meg egy le nem zárult időszakban (idén), ami miatt még megtörténhet)

Viszont!!!

I also had five colds between October and December last year. – Tavaly október és december között is ötször voltam megfázva.

(mivel ez az öt alkalom tavaly volt, ami időszak már lezárult, tehát nem is lehet több ezalatt az időszak alatt, így egyszerű múlt idővel fejezte ki.)

You’ve been sick on a regular basis for the last year – Tavaly óta rendszeresen megbetegedsz.

(nem konkrét, de számadat, emiatt egyszerű befejezett jelen az ’óta’ időhatározó ellenére, valamint a ’be’ igét nem tehetjük folyamatos igeidőbe, ilyenkor mindig az adott igeidő egyszerű igeidős változata)

Past Continuous (Folyamatban lévő múlt idő)

I was taking them for about a month up until two weeks ago. – Kb. egy hónapig szedtem őket, egészen két héttel ezelőttig.

(egyfolytában csinált valamit egy ideig)

Tanácsadás kifejezései módbeli segédigékkel és kifejezésekkel:

You need to sleep around eight hours a day in order to be in top shape. – Napi nyolc órát kell aludnod ahhoz, hogy csúcsformában legyél.

Well, if you want to restore your health you should eat yogurt which is rich in probiotics. – Nos, ha helyre akarod állítani az egészségedet, akkor fogyassz joghurtot, amely gazdag probiotikumokban

You could try to eat sauerkraut,…as they are all rich in vitamin C which boosts immune system. – Próbálj meg savanyú káposztát enni,…mivel ezek mind gazdagok C-vitaminban, ami erősíti az immunrendszert.

Just don’t forget to wear sunscreen, – Csak ne felejts el naptejet használni,

You had better also eat garlic as it can kill off viruses,… – Jobban tennéd, ha fokhagymát is ennél, mert az elpusztítja a vírusokat…

try to avoid stress and exercise regularly – próbáld meg elkerülni a stresszt és mozogj rendszeresen

Tanácskérés és ígéret kifejezése:

What else shall I eat to keep myself healthy? – Mit egyek még, hogy egészséges maradjak?

That’s good to know, okay, I will. – Ezt jó tudni, oké, ígérem így fogok tenni.

On 3 November, 1825, Count István Széchenyi donated the full annual income of his estates that year to establish the Learned Society, or the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, as it was renamed after 1845. In 1997, the government declared this date as the Day of Hungarian Science to commemorate the significant event.

Hungary has given many great scientists, philosophers, and inventors to the world. Inventions such as the ballpoint pen by László Bíró, the telephone exchange by Tivadar Puskás, the helicopter by Oszkár Asbóth, and the dynamo by Ányos Jedlik have made our lives considerably easier. These inventions left their mark on the technologies we use today.

Today, we celebrate the most creative and ground-breaking Hungarian inventions and achievements.

The introduction of World Science Day was initiated by the Hungarian members during the first UNESCO World Conference on Science which was held in 1999 in Budapest. This was the first time when the world’s governments and the international scientific community gathered together to prepare a new “social contract” between science and society at large.

World Science Day for Peace and Development was proclaimed by UNESCO on 3 November, 2001. It was first celebrated worldwide on 10 November, 2002.

In the last two centuries, a remarkably large number of Hungarian scientists have contributed to the development of various branches of natural science. This is also reflected by the impressive number of Nobel Laureates of Hungarian origin.

Fülöp Lénárd (Philipp E. A. von Lenard) was the first Hungarian-born Nobel Prize Winner. He conducted experiments on cathode rays and their properties. His results led to the discovery of electrons and X-rays. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1905 for his work on cathode rays.

The list of Hungarian Nobel Prize Winners also includes:

Róbert Bárány – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1914 “for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus”

Albert Szent-Györgyi − Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1937 “for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid”

Imre Kertész − Nobel Prize in Literature 2002 “for writing that upholds the fragile experience of the individual against the barbaric arbitrariness of history”

Dénes Gábor (Dennis Gabor) developed the early principles of holographic theory while working on improvements to the resolution of the electron microscope. His method of producing a three-dimensional image was based on interference (interaction between light waves) and coherence (light waves aligned in phase with one another).

Nowadays, handwashing plays a significant and evident part in our personal hygiene. However, it only became part of our daily routine 150 years ago, thanks to the ground-breaking discovery of the Hungarian physician, Ignác Semmelweis. Semmelweis observed maternal mortality rates and noticed that the rate of puerperal fever was higher in the cases when doctors and medical students examined patients in the maternity ward directly after performing an autopsy. In 1847, he introduced mandatory handwashing among doctors, nurses, and medical students at the Vienna General Hospital in order to prevent further cases of infection. By introducing this new regulation, Semmelweis managed to reduce the rate of fatal puerperal fever from approximately 10% to 0.85%.

In 1937, the “Gesellschaft zur Vorbereitung des Deutschen Volkswagens mbH“ (Company for the Preparation of the German Volkswagen Ltd.) was established, and thus “People’s Car” was born. But did you know that the intellectual father of Volkswagen was actually an Austro-Hungarian engineer? Béla Barényi enrolled as an engineering student at the Viennese Technical College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering in 1924. He already conceived the concept of the future “People’s Car” during his university years, and his sketches are considered the original design of the Volkswagen Beetle.

Zoltán Bay was a Hungarian physicist who worked for the United Incandescent Lamps and Electric Company (Tungsram), and as the head of the laboratory, he contributed to the development of high-intensity gas discharge lamps, fluorescent lamps, radio tubes, radio receiver circuitry, and decimeter radio wave techniques. Bay’s and György Szigeti’s names are also linked to the invention of the ancestor of the light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

source: Daily News Hungary

A következő feladatban válasszátok ki, hogy az üres helyekre melyik igéket használnátok fel a megadott opciók közül. A mondatok között vannak szenvedő szerkezetben lévők is.